The Web sites below offer biographical and background information for most of the authors and issues to be considered during the semester.  You may use them in your journals or refer to them in your two papers. Links may be found under the following headings: News Sites, General, Human Rights, Moral Reasoning, Ibsen, Science and Technology (Science, The Universe, Astronomy, Earth, Technology, Pseudo-Science), Hiroshima and the Nuclear Threat, Chemical and Biological Weapons, Terrorism, September 11 and After, Ethnic Conflict,  Buber, Dillard, Environment (General, Climate, Energy, Air, Water, Hazardous Sites, Biodiversity), Population, Health (Genetically Modified Foods, Toxic Chemicals, Disease, Global Warming and Health), AIDS (Diagrams, Information, Special Populations), Malaria, Global Economics (Globalization, Development, Food, Poverty ), Camus. If you discover additional sites that you find helpful, please notify Dr. John E. Becker via email, and they will be added to the list on this page.

News
On Line Newspapers. Newspapers from all over the world.
Newslink. US and world newspapers.
CNN online.
World Press Review.
Newspaper Association of America: Newspaper Links: A Gateway to Your Local Newspaper. Quick links to newspaper Websites around the world. A clickable map as well as drop-down menus make this a very easy-to-use site, and content includes links to college newspapers, media groups, associations, and more. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Freedom Forum, Newseum: Today's Front Pages. Provides expandable thumbnails of front pages from September 12, 2001, newspapers from around the world. The Newseum is an interactive museum devoted to journalism, sponsored by the Freedom Forum, "a nonpartisan, international foundation dedicated to free press, free speech and free spirit for all people." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Committee to Protect Journalists: Attacks on the Press in 2001. The report contains an overview of media attacks arranged by country, along with three special press freedom reports on Syria, Burma, and Colombia. In addition, the report contains a Ten Worst Enemies of the Press section that focuses attention on individual leaders responsible for the world's worst abuses against the media. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
General
UN.
UN:End of Millennium Summit Final Declaration. It is also available in Pdf format. The goals of the UN for peace and prosperity in the coming century. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UN: The Year in Review: United Nations Peace Operations in 2001. In UN peace operations approximately 39,500 soldiers and 7,500 civilian police worked with 4,300 international civilian staff and 8,500 local civilian staff. Under often tense and difficult conditions (58 were killed), these peace workers functioned as observers, engineers, analysts, human rights workers, legal and administrative experts, and translators and linguists, as well as working on military demobilization and land mine removal. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The National Intelligence Council: Global Trends 2015: A Dialogue About the Future With Nongovernment Experts. An effort to "identify major drivers and trends that will shape the world of 2015." Among those identified are demographics, natural resources, science and technology, globalization, and the role of the US. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Central Intelligence Agency: CIA World Factbook 2002 This annual publication contains a wide range of information on every recognized country in the world: a map of the country, its flag, its geography, people, government, economy, communications, transportation, military, and transnational issues including international disputes and illicit drugs. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Emulate Me: A+ Country Reports. A wealth of information on all of the countries of the world. Up-to-date information on population, geography, economy, history, and politics. The site presents a lively array of extras that don't figure in the CIA's country reports, such as audio clips of national anthems and links to current weather reports. There is also a discussion area and links to sites for further study. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Defense: Quadrennial Defense Review 2001 [.pdf]. The four-year report explains that, "Even before the attack of September 11, 2001, the senior leaders of the Defense Department set out to establish a new strategy for America's defense that would embrace uncertainty and contend with surprise, a strategy premised on the idea that to be effective abroad, America must be safe at home." The report the Department of Defense's four main policy objectives: to assure allies and friends of the United States' steadfastness and military capability, to dissuade adversaries from undertaking programs potentially threatening to the United States, to deter threats by increasing "the capacity to swiftly defeat attacks and impose severe penalties for aggression," and when deterrence fails, to decisively defeat any adversary. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Project on Defense Alternatives. See particularly The RMA Debate, a gateway to full-text on-line resources about the Revolution in Military Affairs, information war, and asymmetric warfare.
Library of Congress: Global Gateway: World Culture and Resources. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
The British Library: The World's Knowledge. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Voice of America [RealPlayer]. The Voice of America began broadcasting in 1942 and has continued to evolve through the postwar, Cold War, and now post-Cold War eras. It presently produces and broadcasts over 900 hours of news and information programs each week in 53 languages to a worldwide audience of 91 million. VOA news is also available online at the VOANews site. Here visitors will find the top international stories as well as the lead stories in seven regions of the world. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Council on Foreign Relations. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Global Policy Forum. Monitors the United Nations' global policy making. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Soros Foundations Network: US Program: Open Society Institute Forum [RealPlayer, .pdf]. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
The Economist: Country Briefings. A reference collection of country profiles, which contain background information, forecasts and statistics, market updates, new headlines, articles from the newspaper, and links to more information. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace:.  See the publications section. Most of the material is available in full text. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs.
International Relations and Security Network and the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: Facts on International Relations and Security Trends is the initial step in an ongoing effort to create a federated system of databases in the fields of International Relations and security. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Tufts University, Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy: Multilaterals Project. This site features the texts of international multilateral conventions. Treaties are organized into ten major categories, including biodiversity, human rights, trade relations, arms control, and more. Although the bulk of material here is from the last half of the 20th century, there are also some older documents such as the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848). From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Geography Network. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/. Royal Geographical Society: Geographical.
The Legacy Project [RealPlayer] focuses on creating "a global exchange on the enduring consequences of the many historical tragedies of the 20th century." Connects users to art and film thematically related to remembering and reacting to tragedy. The main index is a compilation of all the materials included in the Website grouped together by event. You can also find materials via theVisual Arts Library and the Filmography section. Currently, the project is gathering and sharing reactions to the September 11 tragedy in a section titled In Remembrance. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Illinois Institute of Technology, Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions: Codes of Ethics Online. The science page contains links to over fifty organizations' ethical codes, including the American Institute of Chemists, the American Physical Society, the Water Quality Association, etc. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/

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Human Rights
UN: High Commissioner for Human Rights.
UNICEF:Convention on the Rights of the Child. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-1999.
Department of State, Office of International Information Programs: [.pdf, .zip]. Democracy and Human Rights. The site offers access to several journals off the front page--Criminal Justice in the United States, Accountability in Government, and Towards a Community of Democracies--but the bulk of the site's material is divided into two sections, Democracy and Human Rights. Each contains policy documents, in-depth looks at selected issues, links to other resources, and more. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of State: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, 2001. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of State: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, 2000.  From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of State: International Religious Freedom Report, 2001. Submitted to Congress to each year in compliance with the International Religious Freedom Act (IRFA) of 1998. This year's report gives information on religious freedom in 195 economies from the period July 1, 2000 to June 30, 2001. The summary is divided into three parts -- Barriers to International Religious Freedom, Positive Developments in International Religious Freedom, and U.S. Action to Promote International Religious Freedom -- and should give a useful overview for any readers interested in issues of human rights and religious practices in other countries. The body of the report consists of information on individual countries (grouped by region) including Religious Demography, Status of Religious Freedom, Societal Attitudes, and U.S. Government Policy. Among the five appendices are an Overview of U.S. Refugee Policy and an appendix devoted to The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and the International Religious Freedom Act. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
University of Minnesota: Human Rights Library.
Columbia University: Center for the Study of Human Rights.
University of Michigan Law School: Refugee Caselaw Site. [.pdf] Maintained to promote "transnational analysis of refugee law by advocates, decision-makers, and policymakers committed to the effective implementation of international standards." To this end, it provides a database of approximately 400 recent cases from highest national courts of Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the US. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Amnesty International: 2003 Amnesty International-Report [.pdf] From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Amnesty International: 2002 Annual Report [.pdf]. Due to the September 11th attacks in the US, this year's report emphasizes the importance of "justice" rather than "revenge." In addition, the report also highlights the failures of human rights protection as well as the "indomitable courage and determination of human rights activists whatever the challenges they face - and the vital role they play in a world beset by poverty, war and repression." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Amnesty International: 2001 Annual Report [.pdf]. This year's report takes particular aim at torture and the death penalty, as well as urging governments to protect rights that may be threatened by globalization. The bulk of the report is a collection of entries for individual countries, grouped by region, which evaluates the human rights situation in the country or territory and AI's specific concerns there. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Amnesty International: Concerns in Europe: January - June 2000. Listed by country. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-1999.
Amnesty International: Campaign Against Torture.
Amnesty International: "Broken Bodies, Shattered Minds: Torture and Ill-Treatment of Women." The report claims that, far from taking action to prevent this violence, governments around the world have abandoned their responsibilities and neglected to take effective measures. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Amnesty International: "Stopping the Torture Trade." Examines the ballooning international trade in both traditional tools of torture as well as newer electro-shock devices and other "non-lethal" weapons. The report reveals how torturers have been trained through the transfer of military and security training and makes a number of recommendations to governments and corporations on methods they can pursue to eradicate torture. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Amnesty International: Hidden Scandal, Secret Shame: Torture and Ill-Treatment of Children [.pdf]. The report's first chapter considers the international legal standards that "define and prohibit" such abuse and attempts to "resolve some of the difficulties inherent in responding to the torture of children within a legal framework originally conceived for adults." The rest of the document draws on Amnesty International's field research and other direct evidence to examine the "contexts in which the torture of children actually occurs." The report also makes recommendations for ending these practices. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Human Rights Watch: World Report 2002 [.pdf]. This report addresses developments in sixty-six countries, covering the period from November 2000 through November 2001. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Human Rights Watch: World Report 2001, [.rtf, .zip]. This year's report offers both good and bad news. Good: the overthrow of the Milosevic regime in Yugoslavia, the conclusion of a treaty barring the use of children as soldiers, and the UN Commission on Human Rights's first formal criticism of a permanent member of the UN Security Council (Russia, for its abuses in Chechnya). Bad: the continued failure of the UN Commission to condemn China and the failure of the US to require the Colombian army to sever ties with paramilitaries as a condition for the recent huge military aid package to that country. The report begins with an essay on the global economy and then covers human rights developments by region. Separate sections of the report address special topics such as academic freedom, censorship, access to education, children's rights, and women's human rights. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Human Rights Watch, Five Reports:, September, 2000. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000:
1) Seeking Protection: Addressing Sexual and Domestic Violence in Tanzania's Refugee Camps. Indictment of the United Nation's High Commission for Refugees and the Tanzanian host government's failure to address violence against Burundi women refugees in Tanzanian camps.
2) Owed Justice: Thai Women Trafficked into Debt Bondage in Japan.
3) Turkey: Human Rights And The European Union Accession Partnership. Recommendations for the EU's Accession Partnership Document laying out the human rights criteria Turkey will have to meet to be granted EU membership.
4) Nipped in the Bud: Suppression of the China Democracy Party.
5) Unfair Advantage: Workers' Freedom of Association in the US under International Human Rights Standards. Nationwide and repeated violations of federal laws and international standards protecting workers's rights to organize, to bargain collectively, and to strike.
The Crimes of War Project. A collaborative effort of journalists, lawyers, and scholars "that seeks to raise awareness of the laws of war." From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Human Rights Web. Basic information and current issues in the news.
Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Human Rights Watch: Indonesia: The War In Aceh [.pdf]  The war has been marked by human rights violations on both the part of the Indonesian security forces and GAM (an acronym for the Free Aceh Movement). From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance. Expected to address a wide canvas of potentially divisive issues, including the treatment of immigrants and asylum seekers, the caste system in India, contemporary slavery in Africa, Europeans' treatment of Roma people, and racial discrimination in Latin America. Online resources include resolutions, reports, statements, draft reports, and press releases. Also a program of events which links to related documents and general information about the conference. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
freedominfo.org. A newly released site that provides data on freedom of information laws from areas all across the globe. Designed to link the efforts of freedom of information advocates around the world and give voice to movements that have previously struggled for greater openness, this site contains a global survey that summarizes these laws in 45 countries. Written by David Banisar of Privacy International, the survey also provides links to the text of each law as well as other relevant sites. In addition, users will also find case studies, news releases, reports, and analysis; and beginning this month, the site will present a regular column called IFTI Watch, which features news regarding access to information in international financial and trade institutions. [MG] From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/

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Moral Reasoning
Rutgers University: Virtual Religion Index: Ethics and Moral Values. A guide to sites.

Ibsen
Great Norwegians: Ibsen. The first two links seem the most useful. The introduction to Ibsen by Byrnes is no longer available.

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Science and Technology
SCIENCE:
National Technical Information Service: SciTechResources.gov. Provides scientists, researchers, engineers, and others with easy access to government resources related to science and technology. For the "science aware citizen," who may not be a researcher, SciTechResources allows visitors to search just within general interest science and technology resources. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Resource Discovery Network (UK): Physical Sciences Information Gateway. Users can search the PSIgate database, search an expanded catalog (PSIgate+) generated by harvesting pages from the PSIgate database, or search across RDN databases. Returns include resources focused on astronomy, chemistry, earth sciences, physics, history of science, and more. This is a "must-bookmark" for scientists, students, and educators. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Scientopica. "A conduit to the scientific information available on the world wide web." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Nobel e-Museum: The Nobel Prize in Physics: Educational [Flash]. Contains some very informative physics pages, best viewed with a higher speed modem. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Scientific American Archive. The complete contents of every issue since 1993. There is a charge of $5 for each article accessed. Searches are free.
Scientific American: Ask the Experts. A great resource for mid and upper-level science classes. Divided into categories like Astronomy, Biology, Environment, and Medicine, students can submit their own questions or read answers to questions posed by other inquisitive minds. Some of the more recent questions include "If _T. rex_ fell, how did it get up, given its tiny arms and low center of gravity", "How do seedless fruit arise and how are they propagated?", and "How do you get laryngitis?" The site is continually adding answers to a variety of interesting questions. [AL] From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Iowa State University: Partnerships to Advance Learning in Science: Java Simulations. Contains several interactive science simulations. Visitors can explore advection, the energy budget, adiabatic processes, and radiation. For example, the mountain simulation teaches about adiabatic processes by allowing users to adjust various parameters such as temperature, dew point, mountain slope, and cloud base altitude. The simulation then blows a leaf over the mountain and moves it according to what was entered. Each activity has accompanying directions and questions. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Office on Public Understanding of Science: From Research to Human Benefit.
Harvard University: Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. The Center's primary mission is "to provide leadership in advancing policy-relevant knowledge about the international security and other critical issues where science, technology, and international affairs intersect." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Scientists for Global Responsibility [pdf]. Site based on the principle that "science and technology should be used responsibly in a way that contributes to justice and peace in human society and to the long-term well- being of the wider environment".From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
American Museum of Natural History: Einstein. Einstein's work with light, time, energy, and gravity; his thoughts on peace and war, on being a global citizen, and his legacy. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Center for Supercomputing Applications: Spacetime Wrinkles. The life and legacy of Albert Einstein, what gravity is, where black holes lurk, and much more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu
Women-Related Web Sites in Science/ Technology. Sites that in some way provide information on the contributions of women to science. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.

THE UNIVERSE:
NASA: Imagine the Universe. The basics about our universe in a clear and concise presentation.
Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum: Explore the Universe [Flash, QuickTime]. The major discoveries that have given us our current scientific view of the universe. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Cambridge University: Cambridge Relativity [Quicktime].  Provides users with a glimpse at the major issues within theoretical physics and cosmology. Sections cover such diverse issues as black holes, the big bang, cosmic strings, and quantum gravity. The sections describe currently accepted theories, their possible consequences for the fate or origin of the universe, and their limitations. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The University of California Los Angeles, Division of Astronomy and Astrophysics:. Relativity Tutorial. The site explains the history and general concepts behind relativity. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
An Atlas of the Universe. A Website that allows visitors to see nine main maps of the universe, ranging from 12.5 light years to 15 billion light years from the sun. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Science Museum, London, and the Institute of Physics: Life, the Universe, and the Electron: An Exhibition to Celebrate the Centenary of the Discovery of the Electron [Quicktime, Shockwave]. The exhibition follows the chronology of our evolving understanding of atomic structure and explains briefly each discovery along the way. This exhibition delivers each episode in the history of nuclear physics in a clear, straightforward manner and supplements essays with short animations and clips. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Exploratorium, San Francisco:Hubble: a view to the edge of space. A compact overview of the Hubble Space telescope and what we have learned from its observations. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
PBS: NOVA's Runaway Universe. Companion to the television program of the same name, which follows the efforts of two rival teams of astronomers as they search for exploding stars, map out gigantic cosmic patterns of galaxies, and grapple with the ultimate question: What is the fate of the universe? Includes an interactive timeline of the universe, what happens during a supernova explosion, a virtual tour of the universe, how the Doppler effect is used to determine a stellar objects speed. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
ASTRONOMY:
University of Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory: Two Micron All Sky Survey. A survey of the sky at near-infrared wavelengths. More than four million images, 99.998 percent pf the sky.
NASA: The Fading Milky Way. Addresses the increasing problem of light pollution surrounding large cities. Viewing stars is becoming more difficult as a result of urbanization and poorly controlled lighting. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Space Telescope Science Institute: HubbleSite [Flash]. Covers all aspects of the Hubbel Telescope for the general public. The Striking Encounters multimedia activity shows how galaxies collide and how scientists study them using the telescope. Other features include a photo gallery, descriptions of discoveries that have been made using Hubbel, educational links, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Space Telescope Science Institute: Hubble Space Telescope: New Views of the Universe [RealPlayer, QuickTime]. Numerous brief, illustrated fact sheets on the telescope and the universe, movies, related links. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Space Telescope Science Institute: Hubble Reopens Eye on the Universe. Images and explanatory text related to the "Eskimo" Nebula, "the glowing remains of a dying, Sun-like star."
Space Telescope Science Institute: Hubble Gallery.
Space Telescope Science Institute: Star Clusters Born in the Wreckage of Cosmic Collisions [QuickTime, .mpeg]. Collisions between galaxies within Stephan's Quintet that have given rise to star clusters and dwarf galaxies. Includes introduction, background information, stunning photos, animations, videos, related links, and more. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Space Telescope Science Institute: Hubble's Panoramic Portrait of a Vast Star-Forming Region [QuickTime, .mpeg]. A glimpse into the 30 Doradus Nebula where stars are born. Includes introduction, background information, stunning photos, animations, videos, related links, and more. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Royal Astronomical Society: Life in the Universe. Information on the origin of earth, geologic time, our solar system, the predicted end of life due to an asteroid collision, using radar to detect extraterrestrial intelligence, what evidence has been found on mars and Saturn to prove life, and more. Provides brilliant photographs and illustrations along with easily read text. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Nautical Almanac Office in the United States and Her Majesty's Nautical Almanac Office: Astronomical Almanac Online. The print version of the Almanac serves as a worldwide standard for annual data on the Sun, Moon, planets, satellites, eclipses and other phenomena. The online version expands upon the print version by providing data for several years. For instance, data on the Moon is provided for 2001-2004. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Anglo-Australian Observatory of Astronomical Images. A unique collection of wide-field astronomical photographs, mostly taken with the telescopes of the Anglo-Australian Observatory, of galaxies, emission and reflection nebulae, supernovae, star clusters, messier objects, and more. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
National Geographic, National Imagery and Mapping Agency: Eye in the Sky [RealPlayer, Windows Media Player]. Showcases what we can learn about our planet using satellites. Users can read about the history of satellites and remote-sensing technology and choose from a menu of brief lessons on natural disasters, human impacts on Earth, human conflicts, and exploration of Mars. The title "Eye in the Sky" is slightly misleading because most of the images featured are taken at ground-level, and it isn't always clear how some of the lessons fit with the idea of remote sensing. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Sky and Telescope: Sky Chart. The tool allows anyone to view an image of the sky from any location on earth. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
University of California Santa Barbara Library: Astronomy. Links are categorized in indexes and gateways, NASA pages, observatories, organizations and associations, current topics, interactive resources, and periodicals. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The University of Texas at Austin: Astronomy Program, Research [pdf ]. Five research programs at the University: Solar System, Stars, Extragalactic, Interstellar, and Theory. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Astronomy Picture of the Day.
Your Sky. A virtual planetarium. Visitors to the site can use the Sky Map to produce astronomical maps by entering time and date, viewpoint, and observing location (latitude/longitude and ascension/declination). The Virtual Telescope helps you to track comets and asteroids, and Horizon Views returns views of the stars above the horizon as seen from a specified observing site at a given date and time. If you aren't sure of the exact map coordinates of the city sky you desire to view, you can consult a hypertext list of major cities around the world. Want to aim your telescope at a certain planet or stellar body? There's a hypertext list of those, too. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
AstronomyDaily.Com. Real time data tailored to the viewer's location and time zone. The personalized front page presents a chart of tonight's sky. Diagrams allow users to view the planets in their orbits. Users are required to register in order to view the customized site, but no personal identification is requested. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
NASA: Our Solar System. This collection of resources is packed with photos, learning tools, announcements, and NASA agency news. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
University of Arizona chapter, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory: The Nine Planets: A Multimedia Tour of the Solar System. An "overview of the history, mythology, and current scientific knowledge of each of the planets and moons in our solar system." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences. Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
San Francisco Exploratorium: Build a Solar System. Type in how big you want your model sun to be, and the site caclulates the size of each planet and its distance from the sun. Natural History, February 2003.
University of Tennessee, Department of Physics & Astronomy: Astronomy 161-The Solar System. An online course whose twenty two chapters cover everything from time and scale in the universe, development of modern astronomy, the planets, asteroids, meteors, and everything in between. Text, photographs, illustrations, and movies, help users understand the topics along with a handy back and next link on each page to let you navigate through each chapter. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Sunspots and the Solar Cycle. The site explains what the solar cycle is, how sunspots affect conditions on earth, and much more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Discovery.com: Sun Storms. Contains narrative, video, photographs, and more of what sun storms are, what they look like, the science behind their existence, the history of their effects, and the answer to the question "Do we Really Need to Worry?" Although not for the "modemly" challenged, the site exemplifies the current capabilities of online technology and information communication. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright InternetScout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
National Academy Press: Storms from the Sun: The Emerging Science of Space Weather. In the age of electrical power and communications via satellite, radio, and television transmissions, solar weather causes great disruptions. One type of these storms, coronal mass ejections , can travel at over 1 million miles per hour through space; carry over 10 billion tons of hot, electrically charged gas; and contain more energy than 1 billion megatons of TNT. A deeper understanding of the interaction between our planet and the sun's storms is now being fully explored by scientists, and this book relates those recent findings. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center: Eclipse Home Page. The site offers information for anyone interested in astrophysical events, especially planetary conjunctions. For each eclipse featured on the site, date and time are listed first, followed by additional facts and figures, including detailed charts of the course of planetary alignments that indicate, among other things, duration and magnitude of the event and the locations where it can best be viewed. There is a beginner's introduction to the study of eclipses. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
NASA, National Space Science Data Center: The Planetary Fact Sheets. The site lists links to all of the planets, their satellites, and their rings, as well as to tables comparing all the planets. The planet pages contain a photograph and a simple list of dozens of facts such as mass, volume, distance to the earth, temperature, and much more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Lunar and Planetary Institute Journal Web sites. This database contains a list of dozens of obvious and not so obvious journals and publications, such as the International Comet Quarterly, that relate to the subject at hand along with direct links. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
A Space Library: Solar system simulator.
Sciencemonster.com Our Solar System. General descriptions and illustrations of our solar system, including a clever way of remembering the order of the planets. Further down the page, each planet is shown and is linked to a page that has additional information, such as its diameter, mass, its composition, etc. Geared towards grade- schoolers, the site provides a well done and understandable introduction to the potentially overwhelming subject. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
United States Geological Survey: Astrogeology Research Program. Astrogeology is "thescience devoted to studying the origin, composition, structure, and history of the planets and their moons." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Liberty Science Center: Science in Space [QuickTime]. Provides a visually pleasing way to explore topics about the sun. Links include Sunspots, Solar Wind, Solar Flares, Fusion, Plasma, Magnetic Fields, Earth's Atmosphere, and the Sun's Layers, all of which include subtopic links. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Formation of the Moon: PBS, Nova: To the Moon sums up competing theories on the formation of the moon. Click on "The Big Whack" for an animation. Origin of the Moon shows a Mars-size protoplanet colliding with the protoearth. The Origin of the Moon: The Movie shows the formation of the moon from an accretion of particles.
Naval Observatory, Time Service Department: Virtual Reality Moon Phase Pictures. Users can see a picture of the current phase of the moon, as well choose to view the phase of the Moon for any date and time from 1800 to 2199 AD. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
EARTH:
NASA: Visible Earth [Quicktime, .mpg, .tiff, .tar]. Images and animations of our planet. 1,610 records may be searched by keyword or advanced search options or browsed by category and topic. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
NASA: Earth Observatory: Global Garden Gets Greener [jpeg, tiff]. Introduces documented changes in plant productivity over the last two decades--the warmest decades on record. The study, based on satellite imagery and ground observations,also demonstrates the most important of those factors influencing changes in plant productivity. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
NASA: Earth Sciences Portal. A searchable links directory and search engine that spans all the Web-based information of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Earth Sciences Directorate. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
NASA and Rice University, Department of Space Physics and Astronomy: Welcome to Planet Earth. A collection of links on topics such as current and severe weather, climate, pollution, general resources, and movies of such things as an ocean fly-by and of ocean water vapor and topography. Impressive graphics of various worldwide physical processes gathered into one collection from primarily governmental sources for public education and enjoyment. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Smithsonian Institution, NationalAir and Space Museum: Earth Today: A Digital View of our Dynamic Planet. A "state of the art digital theater that's updated several times daily to show near real-time satellite views of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and landmasses." The Our Dynamic Earth section contains several topics, such as The Atmosphere, in which users can read about the subject and see impressive satellite images and animations of Earth from space. The Earth in Near Real Time segment has similar topics but contains links to current data on global cloud cover, sea surface temperature, earthquakes, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: This Dynamic Earth. A concise explanation of plate tectonics, with something about the scientists who pieced it together. From Natural History Magazine.
US Geological Survey: Plate Tectonics Animations. Show things like plate motions from 600 million years ago to today and magma rising in a mid-ocean ridge. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: Geology in the Parks. Covers geologic maps, plate tectonics, rocks and minerals, geologic time, US geologic provinces, park geology of the Mojave, Sunset Crater, Lake Mead, North Cascades, Death Valley, Yosemite National Park, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
The National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution: The Dynamic Earth [Macromedia Flash Player]. An interactive site to teach about science of the earth. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
US National Science Foundation and the California State University System:Virtual Courseware for Earth and Environment Sciences [Macromedia Flash Player]. Visitors can choose from the earthquake, global warming, virtual earthquake, virtual dating, virtual river, or the biology labs learning activity. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Scripps Institution of Oceanography:. Earth Like a Puzzle [Flash]. A description of plate tectonics, the geologic theory that explains how the continents and oceans move across the surface of the planet. The Recycling Plates page contains an interactive map of the earth, where users can click to view the locations of tectonic plates, spreading centers, and their relationship to volcanoes and earthquakes. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Natural Resources Canada Geodetic Survey Division: What is Geodesy?. The side provides information on the history of geodesy, surveying, gravity, global positioning systems, spatial referencing, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
University of California-Berkeley Museum of Paleontology: Web Geological Time Machine, The timeline appears on the main page of the Web site, with hypertext links for each division of time. Every page of the site is sprinkled with links to related museum web pages. This site provides a well-organized resource for learning how the planet has changed over time.From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
MSNBC News: Earth's Timeline. Chronicles the history of the earth. The main page describes how radiometric dating and fossils have been used to develop the contemporary geologic timescale. Users can click on one of four major geologic time divisions, including the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic, to get specific information on the individual subdivisions of geologic time and to see how the continents have shifted. These sections then tell how many years ago they occurred and what was occurring on the earth at that time. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Southern California Integrated Global Positioning System Network:. Education Module: Space Technology is Used to Observe and Measure Tectonic Motion of the Earth's Surface. Instruction, exercises, and projects that illustrate how space technologies are used to predict and measure earthquakes. Using these resources, students can learn about plate tectonics, earthquakes, and satellite technologies. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
PBS: The Shape of Life [Real Player, .pdf]. Companion Web site to the series. Allows visitors to trace the "dramatic rise of the animal kingdom" through the research efforts of current scientists. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Miller Museum of Geology: The Dawn of Animal Life. Explores the evolution of life from three billion to about 500 million years ago. Links include the formation of the earth, eukaryotic cells, the oldest known animal fossils, the ediacarian fauna, the mistaken point fossil assemblage, and the world's oldest complex animal fossils found in Newfoundland called Charnia. Non-technical descriptions of where the fossils were found, what their significance is, with photographs of the fossils themselves. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
UN Atlas of the Oceans. Data base and knowledge bank gathered by various national and international agencies, including the United Nations; NOAA; and HDNO, the Russian Head Department of Navigation and Oceanography. Features maps, images, statistics, and other factual information gathered on the oceans. Topics: uses of the oceans and waterways, recreation and tourism, transportation and telecommunications, human coastal settlements, and the exploration and exploitation of natural resources. Also interrelated modules about the oceans: how they were formed, how they are changing, and their dynamics, depth profiles and presentations on earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: One of the world's most well-regarded research institutions, devoted to the mission of developing a fundamental understanding of the processes and characteristics that govern how the oceans work and how they interact with the earth as a whole. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
California Space Institute at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the University of California San Diego: Earthguide. In-depth stories, brief topics, and news related to oceanic and atmospheric science. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of the Navy, Science and Technology: Office of Naval Research Science and Technology Focus: Oceanography. Alive with facts, breathtaking images of the deep, and a wealth of information. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Geyser Observation and Study Association. The site has descriptions and photographs of geysers from around the world with an emphasis on Yellowstone and Old Faithful. Other features include recent and historical geyser activity information, a glossary of geyser terms, an index to geysers described on the site. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Pacific Marine and Environmental Laboratory: Juan de Fuca and Gorda Ridges. The ridges where two tectonic plates are moving slowly apart and molten rock erupts to fill the void.
National Snow and Ice Data Center: Antarctic Ice Shelf Collapses. The site provides a description of the event along with photographs, movies, and several informative links that include ones to additional articles written about the event. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
TECHNOLOGY:
Society for the History of Technology
SciTech Daily Review.
NASA Earth Observatory: Earth's City Lights. Seeing the spread of technology: How NASA scientists use city light data to map urbanization. The brightest areas of the Earth are the most urbanized, but not necessarily the most populated. Cities tend to grow along coastlines and transportation networks. Even without the underlying map, the outlines of many continents would still be visible. The United States interstate highway system appears as a lattice connecting the brighter dots of city centers. In Russia, the Trans-Siberian railroad is a thin line stretching from Moscow through the center of Asia to Vladivostok. The Nile River, from the Aswan Dam to the Mediterranean Sea, is another bright thread through an otherwise dark region. Even more than 100 years after the invention of the electric light, some regions remain thinly populated and unlit. Antarctica is entirely dark. The interior jungles of Africa and South America are mostly dark, but lights are beginning to appear there. Deserts in Africa, Arabia, Australia, Mongolia, and the United States are poorly lit as well (except along the coast), along with the boreal forests of Canada and Russia, and the great mountains of the Himalaya.
PSEUDO-SCIENCE:
National Academy Press: Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends...and Pseudoscience Begins. Takes readers on "a tour of the most notorious instances of pseudoscience and sets the record straight." Ranging through discussions of UFOs, astrology, creationism, ESP, and out-of-body experiences, the book argues for the scientific method and attempts to sort out the differences between "science" and "pseudoscience." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Crank Dot Net  lists and exposes crack-pot-science websites under a variety of categories.
Bad Astronomy also lists sites.

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Hiroshima and the Nuclear Threat
Nukefix. Links to up-to-date news about nuclear weapons.
International Atomic Energy Agency: Glossary. Access to nuclear safety and transportation related terms. Examples of the hundreds of items include ageing degradation, collective dose, emergency exposure, lifetime risk, nuclear fuel cycle, and waste package. Each of these include brief definitions, clickable related terminology, and reference information, when applicable. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: ABC's of Nuclear Science. Gives high school students and perhaps even entry level college students a good general overview of nuclear science. Through descriptions and illustrations, students get to explore nuclear structure; radioactivity; alpha, beta, and gamma decay; half-life; reactions; fusion; fission; cosmic rays; and antimatter. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Nuclear Age Peace Foundation: Waging Peace.org.
The City of Hiroshima Home Page. English Version. Japanese version requires download of Windows Japanese text support.
Hiroshima Archive: Photography Gallery "Hiroshima" by Hiromi Tsuchida. "Hiroshima" is an on-going project by the Japanese photographer Hiromi Tsuchida. Part of a large body of this work is presented in this archive with the artist's permission. The Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum has given permission for the use of Mr. Tsuchida's photographs of the museum's artifacts ("Hiroshima Collection") for this archive. Part I are places buildings and other physical structures that survived the bombing, but they were taken many years after; Part II are people who survived the bombing, and Part III are items that "survived" the bombing.
Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum. At the site search for Atomic Bomb. Original documents relating, among other things, to the decision to drop the bomb. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
George Washington University National Security Archive: The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962. [RealPlayer].
George Washington University National Security Archive: The Secret History of the ABM Treaty, 1969-1972 [.pdf]. Briefing book posted in anticipation of November, 2001, talks between Putin and Bush. The 42 newly declassified documents posted here "reveal the previously secret inside story of the ABM negotiations, explaining why the U.S. and the USSR agreed that the Treaty was in their best interest, and how it specifically restricts what the Bush administration can do on missile defense." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Center for Defense Information, Federation of American Scientists, Natural Resources Defense Council, Union of Concerned Scientists: Toward True Security: A US Nuclear Posture for the Next Decade  [.pdf]. Executive Summary. Argues that the current force structure and doctrine are obsolete and actually endanger, rather than increase, America's security and that of the rest of the world. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Center for Defense Information: National Missile Defense: What does it all Mean?. Issue Brief "designed to offer unbiased, in-depth, and up-to-date information on all aspects of the National Missile Defense debate," assessment of the current missile threat, and analyses of the technological challenges of an effective defense, its cost, and its impact on relations with Russia, North and South Korea, Europe, China, India, and Pakistan. Will be updated online "as needed," and users can sign up on-site to receive notification by email. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: "A Report Card on the Department of Energy's Non-Proliferation Programs with Russia." [.pdf] Appendices. [.pdf] This bipartisan study from the concludes that the "most urgent unmet national security threat" to the US today is weak protection of nuclear weapons and materials. The authors propose that the new administration develop a plan to address this problem and increase the budgets of related programs. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Russia's Nuclear and Missile Complex: The Human Factor in Proliferation [.pdf]. The most complete picture yet available of the living and working conditions of Russia's weapons experts. Working conditions and living standards for Russia's nuclear and missile experts have declined sharply. As conditions continue to worsen, it becomes all the more likely that some of these hard-pressed individuals might sell their expertise to aspiring nuclear nations. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/

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Chemical and Biological Weapons
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: Chemical and Biological Warfare Project
Federation of American Scientists:  Chemical and Biological Arms Control Program.
Henry L. Stimson Center: Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project [.pdf]. An "information clearinghouse, watchdog, and problem-solver regarding chemical and biological weapons issues." As such, the site offers a number of resources including information on how much the government is spending on anti-terrorism, how to protect oneself against chemical and biological terrorism, and nonproliferation efforts internationally. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Central Intelligence Agency: Chemical Warfare Agent Issues During the Persian Gulf War. The introductory paragraph states, "This paper reflects the results of our multifaceted investigation into the Chemical Warfare (CW) issue, examining information on CW agent releases, Gulf war Iraqi CW deployments, and Iraqi chemical agents and weapons." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
A SERIES OF SITES FROM THE SCOUT REPORT:
The Mayo Clinic: Biological, Chemical Weapons. A brief overview of the agents commonly used in biological and chemical warfare--such as anthrax, tularemia, and ricin. Links to related Mayo or CDC Web pages are also provided for further information.
The New Scientist: Bioterrorism and Bioweapons Special Report. A collection of articles on bioterrorism and bioweapons spanning a range of about 4 years.
Scientific American: The Anthrax Genome Spills its Deadly Secrets. Geneticists have determined which genes code for virulence in anthrax bacteria.
University of Utah, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, Genetics Learning Center: Got Duct Tape? The Truths and Tales of Biological Warfare. A look at common misconceptions about biological warfare and an interesting overview of biological warfare programs in the US and beyond.
John Hopkins University, Center for Civilian Biodefense Studies: Dark Winter: A Bioterrorism Exercise. A fictional smallpox attack scenario staged by a collaboration of research organizations in June of 2001.
Biosecurity and Bioterrorism."Multidisciplinary analyses and a vigorous exchange of perspectives that are essential to the formulation and implementation of successful strategies to diminish the threat of bioweapons."
MEDLINEplus: Biodefense and Bioterrorism; Chemical Weapons [.pdf]. Detailed information and numerous links of biological and chemical warfare.
Carnegie Foundation for International Peace: Foreign Policy.com: From Victory to Success: Afterwar Policy in Iraq [.pdf] A special feature, containing various perspectives regarding afterwar policy including whether the war curbed or stoked terrorism, what the best way to rebuild Iraq might be, and whether the world can reach a consensus on how to handle weapons of mass destruction. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003.http://scout.wisc.edu/

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Terrorism
Department of State: Patterns of Terrorism Reports.
General Accounting Office: Reports on Terrorism [.pdf]. links to reports going back to a 1980 release, "Assessment of Various Aspects of This Nation's Nuclear Safeguards," and one from 1981, "Federal Electrical Emergency Preparedness Is Inadequate," though reports are not available in .pdf format until those dated from 1987. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
State Department: Foreign Terrorist Organizations. A brief but detailed explication of foreign terrorist organizations and the process by which they are identified and designated. The site offers a basic overview of how the State Department identifies and classifies these foreign terrorist organizations. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
General Accounting Office: Reports on Airport Security [.pdf]. Covers reports beginning with the 1983 "Safety at the Navy's Seal Beach, CA, Weapons Station Has Improved" and the 1987 "Aviation Security: FAA Preboard Passenger Screening Test Results." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Health and Human Services: Smallpox [.pdf]. A comprehensive resource for information on smallpox, aiming at an audience of healthcare professionals, medical researchers,and the general public.From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Yale University Law School, Avalon Project: Documents on Terrorism From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
American Phytopathologicol Society: Crop Biosecurity and Countering Agricultural Terrorism [.pdf]. This detailed white paper, which includes relevant links and some photos, indicates differences between the US government and the scientific community over how to handle agricultural bioterrorism, and identifies still unmet needs for increasing crop biosecurity. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Center for Defense Information: Terrorism Project [.pdf]. CDI's terrorism project aims to look at all aspects of fighting terrorism, from near-term issues of response and defense, to long-term questions about how the United States should shape its future international security strategy. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Counter-Terrorism -Terrorism and Security Information
The Terrorism Research Center
The National Academies Press: Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Smallpox Vaccination Program. Recommendations to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) from the Committee on Smallpox Vaccination Program Implementation. The committee members of the Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Institute of Medicine focuses on two main issues: Considerations for next steps in the pre- event vaccination program, and the smallpox components of the Continuation Guidance for the Cooperative Agreement on Public Health Preparedness and Response for Bioterrorism. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003.http://scout.wisc.edu/
The Washington Post: Terrorist Attacks and Organizations. Provides a clickable world map leading to names, dates, and locations of terrorist activities. Below the map is a set of pull-down menus that search for specific organizations, terrorist names, nations, or incidents, bringing users to a page with a description, geographic base, and financial support of a particular organization. Examples of organizations covered include Aum Shinrikyo (Aum Supreme Truth) of Japan, the Irish Republican Army (IRA), Peru's Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), and the Mujahedin, among others. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
The Washington Post: The Washington Post Bioterrorism Page.
Public Broadcasting System: The Bioterrorism Threat [RealPlayer, Windows Media Player]. Audio and video segments as well as text and transcripts from NewsHour broadcasts on Anthrax (the majority of the content), Smallpox, and bioterrorism in general. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Bioweaponeers.
Anthrax: Cold War Leaves a Deadly Anthrax Legacy.
Johns Hopkins University: Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies.
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency: Fact File: A Compendium of DARPA Programs [.pdf]. The report summarizes many of the organization's main programs, which are grouped into three broad areas: (1)efforts to minimize threats; (2)development of new technologies and systems; (3) "high-risk, high-payoff technologies." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/

September 11 and After
The White House: The National Strategy For Homeland Security: Office of Homeland Security [.pdf]. The first US document with the purpose of mobilizing and organizing "our Nation to secure the U.S. homeland from terrorist attacks." The document provides a framework that outlines the contributions that all Americans -- federal government departments and agencies, state and local governments, private companies and organizations, and individual Americans --can make to better secure this country's homeland. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
The White House: The Department of Homeland Security. The department's home page with information such as an analysis of the Homeland Security Act, Presidential speeches and background information on homeland security, the department's organizational structure, administration and homeland security actions since September 11th, and other key components regarding the department's role and responsibilities. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Brookings Institution:  The New National Security Strategy and Preemption. Released in December 2002, Policy Brief #113 from the Brookings Institution addresses the policy implications of the preemption strategy first articulated by President George W. Bush in a speech from June 2002. Preventive war is the main concern of this policy paper, written by Michael E. O'Hanlon, Susan E. Rice, and James B. Steinberg. In the 9-page paper, the authors offer a brief overview of President Bush's foreign policies over the past two years, along with exploring the potential gravity of embracing this new expanded understanding of preemption and its potential uses. [KMG] From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
OMB Watch: Access to Government Information Post-September 11. OMB Watch is a watchdog agency of the White House Office of Management and Budget which is currently maintaining a list of governmental Websites that have removed information in response to the September 11 terrorist attacks. For example, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has removed documents from their Website that detail the specifications of energy facilities in the US. The listing has brief descriptions of the newly missing information and direct links to the sites. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Department of State, Office of International Information Programs: [.pdf, .zip]. International Security. This site contains a special "Response to Terrorism" section that presents relevant official policy texts, photo galleries, key documents, and in-focus topics such as Investigation, US Muslim Community, and Economic Issues. Also includes several other Issues in Focus, Regions in Focus, Links to other organizations and agencies, as well as to the Electronic Journal of the Department of State, U.S. Foreign Policy Agenda. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
September11.archive.org A compilation of hundreds of sites that reported on the terrorist attacks. They can be searched by category or keyword and range from religious and news organizations to governmental sites. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
National Security Archive: The September 11th Source Books: National Security Archive Online Readers on Terrorism, Intelligence and the Next War [.pdf]. The first volume in a new series, "The September 11th Source Books." The series aims to fulfill NSA's mission "to put on the record the primary source documentation that can enrich the policy debate, improve journalism, educate policymakers, and ensure that we don't reinvent the wheel or repeat the mistakes of the past." This first volume, Terrorism and U.S. Policy, covers a wide range of primary documents grouped in five main subjects: Terrorism and Usama bin Ladin; Congressional Research Service reports; General Accounting Office reports; Department of Defense Directives, Instructions and statements; and Presidential Directives and Executive Orders. NSA plans future volumes covering Soviet and US documents related to the last war in Afghanistan and specific policy topics such as the US ban on assassinations. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Oklahoma Department of Libraries, US Government Information Division: Annotated Bibliography of Government Documents Related to the Threat of Terrorism and the Attacks of September 11, 2001 [.pdf]. This impressive bibliography, compiled by Kevin D. Motes, focuses on the US federal documents on terrorism and most specifically on attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. All documents are described with concise annotations and available through the Federal Depository system. Many, if not most, of these publications are available via the Web. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
UK, House of Commons Library, International Affairs & Defence Section: 11 September 2001: the response [.pdf]. This 123-page library research paper covers a range of issues related to the September 11 attacks in the United States and their potential aftermath. Among other topics, the paper covers reactions to the attacks (UK, US, and beyond), information on Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda, international legal issues, military options, background on Pakistan and popular opinion there, and much more. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UK, House of Commons Library: The Campaign against International Terrorism: prospects after the fall of the Taliban [.pdf] Includes details of fighting and bombing in Afghanistan, the Bonn Agreement and future political arrangements in Afghanistan, the Al-Qaeda in other countries, and measures by the United Nations to counter terrorism. The 65-page report includes the text of the Bonn Agreement and a nicely detailed color map of Afghanistan. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Council on Foreign Relations: Terrorism: Questions and Answers.
Foreign Affairs: Special Briefing: The Terrorist Attack on America: Background. Collects the full text of ten previously published articles and thirteen book reviews that "contribute to an understanding of the tragic attacks on New York and Washington." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
City University of New York Graduate Center's American Social History Project and George Mason University's Center for History and New Media: The September 11 Digital Archive. A project that uses electronic media to "collect, preserve, and present the history of the September 11, 2001 attack in New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania and the public responses to them." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 994-2002.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Yale University Law School, Avalon Project: September 11, 2001 : Attack on America. Primary texts related to terrorism in general or the September 11 events. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Television Archive: A library of world perspectives concerning September 11, 2001 [QuickTime] [RealPlayer]. Audio and video files from news agencies around the world on September 11 and the following week. The site is still being beta-tested, and feedback is welcome. Files can be searched by keyword or browsed by a timeline or program guide and require at least a 56k connection to view or listen to. Both sites offer a historical reference point for this tragic day and give a glimpse into the future of Web information compilation and distribution. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Financial Times: Special Report: Attack on Terrorism.
Public Agenda Online: Public Agenda Special Report: Terrorism. Covers both public opinion and policy issues. The Public Opinion section reviews many of the public opinion polls on issues related to the attacks and the aftermath. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Monterey Institute of International Studies, Center for Non-Proliferation Studies:WMD Terrorism and Usama Bin Laden [.pdf]. Documents from the New York trial begun February, 2001, of Usama Bin Laden and others for the August 7, 1998 bombings of the US embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar al-Salaam, Tanzania. The Center has posted the first three days of testimony of the prosecution's key witness Jamal Ahmad Al-Fadl. An introduction reviews some of the high points of this testimony, such as new information on the efforts of Bin Laden to acquire nuclear weapons, including specific names and places. The site also features the complete text of US indictment. All documents are in .pdf format. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Academic Info (Mike Madin): The Islamic State of Afghanistan. The site is divided into six sections: Indexes & Directories, Digital Library, News & Media Sources, Taliban/ bin Laden/ Al-Quida, Women in Afghanistan, and Organizations. In addition, Madin has added a new page of resources to his American Studies section related to the Terrorist Attack on the United States. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Global Infolinx Inc.: Azadi Afghan Radio [.pdf] broadcasts from Washington, DC and San Francisco on Saturdays and Sundays respectively, on New World Radio: WUST.  From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Asia Society, Asia Source: America's Crisis: Asian Perspectives. Provides an Asian perspective on the terrorist attacks on New York City and Washington, DC. The site contains information on the attacks and how they have and will affect Asia's peoples and governments. It also provides links on the suspected terrorists' groups, Pakistan, Afghanistan, the religion of Islam, reference maps of the area, and much more. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Electronic Frontier Foundation: Chilling Effects of Anti-Terrorism: "National Security" Toll on Freedom of Expression. The Electronic Frontier Foundation is an organization dedicated to "educate the press, policymakers and the general public about civil liberties issues related to technology; and to act as a defender of those liberties." This page tracks Websites shut down by the US government, other governments, and Internet service providers because the material they contained was deemed "questionable." The site, which is continually being updated, also offers several other examples of the September 11 attacks' effects on Web information availability. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.

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Ethnic Conflict
International Crisis Group: CrisisWeb: Latest Publications. The International Crisis Group is a private, multinational organization "committed to strengthening the capacity of the international community to anticipate, understand and act to prevent and contain conflict." The organization currently operates field projects in nineteen crisis-affected countries and four continents. Teams of political analysts gather information from a wide range of sources, assess local conditions, and produce regular analytical reports, containing "practical recommendations targeted at key international decision-takers." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Center for Defense Information: The World At War 2000. Overview of the 38 major conflicts in the world at the start of 2000. Chart of ongoing conflicts which lists the main warring parties, year began, cause(s), and other foreign involvement. A chart of potential hot spots is also included. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000.
UN Secretary-General:Repertoire Of The Practice Of The Security Council [.pdf]. "The only analytical record of the practice of the Security Council, as reflected in its decisions, positive and negative, and related statements." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000.
Middle East Media Research Institute. The institute offers increasingly relevant information for users interested in constructing a balanced perspective about the region's conflicts. The institute's primary research project is to translate Middle Eastern media sources into numerous languages, currently including English, German, and Spanish -- especially as it pertains to US policies. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
PBS:A Force More Powerful: A Century of Nonviolent Conflict. [RealPlayer] Companion site to a PBS documentary series on a century of civil disobedience, chiefly inspired by Gandhi's philosophy of satyagraha. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.

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Buber
Buber home page.
Notes on I and Thou by Michael J. Connelly of Longview Community College.

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Dillard
The Ecotheology of Annie Dillard.
The Mysticism of Annie Dillard's Pilgrim at Tinker Creek.
Earthlight's first Earth Saint.

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Environment
US Geological Survey: Guide to Federal Environmental Laws and Regulations. This site provides government agencies (at the federal, state and local levels), private industry, academia, the general public, and public interest groups with an overview of the major environmental statutes and corresponding regulations. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Earthday Network: Ecological Footprint Quiz.
Environment Canada: Environmental Indicators. A set of environmental indicators that are easily measurable and provide useful clues on the state of the environment. This Web site provides a listing of those indicators that Environment Canada monitors. For each indicator, there is a detailed description of the environmental indicator, how it relates to larger environmental problems, and what is being done to reduce the threat. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
GENERAL:.
Natural Resources Defense Council: The Bush Record. The main page highlights the administration's most recent actions. Topic-specific sections ofthis Web site include Air, Energy, and Global Warming; Wildlands and Wildlife; Water and Oceans; Toxic Chemicals and Health; Nuclear Weapons and Waste; and Other Issues. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Environmental Protection Agency: Where You Live. Provides information on what types of activities might be considered environmental violations, and what a citizen would need in order to report a violation. Other topics on the page include Community Right to Know, At Home in the Garden, Thinking Globally, Protecting 0ur Children, At the Workplace, Acting Locally, Environmental Emergencies Information, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: 2002 Annual Report.  Comprehensive assessment of the Agency's annual progress toward the strategic goals and objectives in the Agency's September 2000 Strategic Plan. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: Draft Report on the Environment Technical Document [.pdf]  Visitors can view information from five thematic areas that include Cleaner Air, Purer Water, Better Protected Land, Human Health, and Ecological Condition. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency:National Environmental Policy Act: Current Environmental Impact Statements. Each week, the EPA publishes a listing of all of the EISs that have been filed since the previous week. Not only are current EISs available on this site, but also a listing of all of them, by month, back through 2002. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
NASA, Earth Observatory: Escape from the Amazon. Focuses on the buildup of carbon dioxide and its effect on global climate change, and the role that forests play in reversing this trend. An introduction to the large-scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia. This feature highlights the enormity and significance of the Amazon River Valley and its effect on global climate. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Environmental Ethics. A comprehensive online source of information on environmental ethics. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
United Nations Environment Programme: Global Environment Outlook-3 [.pdf]. The 2002 edition of the Global Environment Outlook is a comprehensive look at the recent history of global environmental change, which also addresses some potential future environmental scenarios for the next thirty years. Divided into five sections, the Outlook contains sections on integrating development plans with a concern for the stability of the global environment, a retrospective thirty-year history addressing changes in land use patterns around the world, and a section that contains some potential policy options that might be pursued in the future by different decision-making bodies. Perhaps most compelling is the fourth section of the report, which is devoted to a detailed discussion of four different policy scenarios that may emerge over the next few decades. The report and the site will be of great interest to those concerned with global environmental change, policy-making, and the role of developing nations in this process. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Globio: Mapping Human Impacts on the Environment [.pdf]. Hundreds of environmental impact studies were synthesized with satellite imagery, infrastructure data, etc. to create this "visual overview" of past, current, and potential future conditions. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Housing and Urban Development: Environmental Maps. The maps "provide: location, type, and performance of HUD-funded activities in every neighborhood across the country; and select EPA information on brownfields, hazardous wastes, air pollution and waste water discharges." The Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based mapping interface is easily manipulated and users can locate theirs, or an interested neighborhood, in no time and browse the information provided. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Ecological Society of America: Teaching Issues and Experiments in Ecology: Experiments [.pdf]. A collection of peer-reviewed, classroom/ field-tested teaching materials, including ecology labs for field and classroom. As of February 2003, two of the seven labs on the Web site are complete and ready to download: Ecology of Habitat Contrasts and Environmental Correlates of Leaf Stomata Density. Both are designed for college level courses. Five other labs covering a range of ecology topics will eventually be available, and users may also take advantage of an earlier set of labs from 1993. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
BBC Nature: Green Living [Flash]. An online guide to environmentally-sound lifestyle choices. While created for UK residents, anyone interested in learning more about "green living" can take advantage of this comprehensive, well-designed Web site. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: Watershed Atlas. A catalog of geospatial displays and analyses of information and data important for watershed protection and restoration. Contains maps with various themes including acid rain, air quality, aquifers, coasts, dams, drinking water, effluent, floods, groundwater, hazardous waste, lakes, land use, minerals, stormwater, watershed management, and many more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Cambridge Scientific Abstracts: Ecotourism: The Promise and Perils of Environmentally-Oriented Travel. Explores the opportunities and pitfalls of ecotourism, for which "finding a compromise between preservation and development is often challenging, and can generate additional environmental problems for the very regions it is intended to protect." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
The Library of Congress, American Memory: The Evolution of the American Conservation Movement, 1850-1920. The development of a conservation ethic in the United States was (and is) a process that displayed a great deal of heterogeneity, and to a certain extent, a good deal of contentious debate. Some of the issues included a perceived crisis in American national identity and purpose, anti-urbanism, and the growth of travel literature. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Data Bases:
Environmental Protection Agency: Envirofacts Data Warehouse. Provides direct access to EPA holdings: data on air, chemicals, facility information, grants and funding, hazardous waste, superfund, toxic releases, water permits, drinking water, drinking water contaminant occurrence, and drinking water microbial and disinfection byproduct information. A user's guide is provided. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: National Environmental Publications Internet Site. A database of over 9000 documents that have been published by the EPA. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: ECOTOX Database System. Three individual EPA databases provide information on chemical-specific toxicity values for aquatic and terrestrial plants and animals. Users can search for research reports by chemical name, species name, or environmental effect. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: Enforcement and Compliance History Online. Retrieves environmental records for approximately 800,000 regulated facilities nationwide. Searching by location yields a list of facilities and businesses in the area, with summary data indicating (1) whether the EPA or state/ local governments have conducted inspections; (2) whether violations were detected; and (3) whether enforcement took place and penalties were assessed. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration Environmental Information Service: National Environmental Data Index. Provides a full text search of information from twelve governmental agencies including the US Department of Agriculture, Department of Energy, Department of Interior, Environmental Protection Agency, and NASA. Users can choose to search from all or individual agencies, type of information, and by several specific subjects. Creates long waiting times for results, so specific search criteria is recommended. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center. The Center disseminates land-related data, collected by various satellite and aerial sensors, which include surface reflectances, land surface temperature, global geolocation angle, vegetation indices, thermal anomalies, leaf area index, net vegetation production, pointer files, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Washington Department of Ecology: Publications. An archive of more than 1500 online publications available for download. Subjects include Agency Administration, Air Quality, Environmental Assessment, Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction, Nuclear Waste, Shorelands and Environmental Assistance, Solid Waste and Financial Assistance, Spills, Toxics Cleanup, Water Quality, and Water Resources. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Amazing Environmental Organization WebDirectory. Users have easy access to a wide range of Web sites categorized by thirty various environmental topics. These include databases, disasters, education, energy, government, news and events, pollution, publications, recycling, science, water resources, and weather. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the Environment: The State of the Nation's Ecosystems [.pdf]. Information from research in many fields, organized into chapters covering coasts and oceans, farmlands, forests, fresh waters, grasslands and shrublands, and urban and suburban areas in the US. This site offers a fantastically comprehensive source for a "scientifically sound and nonpartisan" characterization of US ecosystems, and is careful to highlight existing gaps in the data. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
World Resources Institute: Earth Trends [.pdf] A conglomeration of global data on a broad range of environmental topics that range from biodiversity to governmental institutions. The databases can be searched by subject or region, and can produce data for multiple countries at one time. A large number of specific data queries are provided. The site is easy to use, and is a fast reference source for producing distinct statistics. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Worldbiomes.com. Aquatic, desert, forest, grasslands, and tundra, these are five of Earth's major biomes, i.e., regions distinguished by their climate, fauna, and flora, presented here. Each biome page briefly describes the biome, presents color photographs, gives a handful of links to topical sites, and suggests related readings. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
University California Berkeley, Museum of Paleontology: The World's Biomes. An introduction to the earth's ecological regions. Biomes are the world's ecological communities, distinguishable by their predominant vegetation and by the organisms that have adapted to that vegetation. This site provides an introduction to the environmental and ecological features typical of various aquatic, desert, forest, grassland, and tundra biomes. Users can read about the planet's ecosystems, including information on the weather conditions, as well as the geological and soil conditions, that allow different biomes to flourish. The site contains a reference page with suggestions for further reading. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Biomes of the World. Maintained by Bishops College science teacher Patrick Wells, The Biomes of the World Web site explores the various biomes found on earth. Visitors can read about and see photographs of terrestrial and aquatic biomes including tropical forests, savannas, deserts, rivers, lakes, estuaries, and more. A good basic overview of the subject. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Harbinger Communications: National Environmental Directory. The directory contains more than 13,000 organizations in the United States "concerned with environmental issues and environmental education." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Global Change Research Program. The archives page of the site provides links to current and past postings of the group going back to 1990. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
New Jersey Environmental Digital Library [.pdf, RealPlayer]. An impressive array of materials related to the New Jersey environment. Includes citizen information, technical reports, photographic tours, and even full-length videos. Many of the items are ephemeral or grey literature, typically unavailable through common research tools. The library will also digitize documents on demand, and environmental organizations and individual researchers can submit their materials directly to the collection (select "submit records" for instructions). From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Law and Policy:
The Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network: :Environmental Treaties and Resource Indicators. Created to serve as an online search service for accessing environmental treaty and national level resource indicator data. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Yale Law School and the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies: Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy. "Draws on resources throughout Yale University to develop and advance environmental policy locally, regionally, nationally, and globally."  Visitors can learn about ongoing research projects, read a number of publications authored by Center faculty, and learn about upcoming conferences and events sponsored by the Center. Rounding out the site is the Environmental Sustainability Index, which serves as "a measure of overall progress towards environmental sustainability". Here visitors can examine the ESI scores of 142 countries, which are based upon a set of 20 core indicators, along with reading a full report on the results from the 2002 findings. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute: Natural Resources Law: An Overview. Identifies and links to several relevant federal and state statutes, regulations, and decisions, along with providing links to many related agencies and organizations. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: Interim Genomics Policy [.pdf]. "Initial thoughts concerning genomics and its related technologies." How organisms respond on the genome level to environmental stresses is not yet understood. This four-page document outlines the EPA's current policy of "prudent and beneficial uses of genomics information on a case-by-case basis." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Institutes:
Worldwatch Institute
World Resources Institute. This comprehensive site goes beyond the surface of environmental issues facing much of the world today.
World Wildlife Fund:Annual Report 2000 [.pdf, MS Word]. Describes the organization's work and concerns in six "global priorities": forests, freshwater, oceans and coasts, species, climate change, and toxic chemicals. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Research Foundation
Foreign Policy in Focus: Global Environmental Protection in the 21st Century. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000.
National Academies' National Research Council: Grand Challenges in Environmental Sciences. Requested by the National Science Foundation. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Network for Change: Envirolink
Earthday Network
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Sea Grant Institute and Institute for Environmental Studies: Earthwatch Radio [Real Audio]. Transcripts for all of the current radio programs. Site visitors can subscribe to receive an email with the five brief stories featured each week. The featured program of the day can also be heard using Real Audio. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
University and Community College System of Nevada:  Desert Research Institute: Research. The research page of the main Web site offers descriptions; publications; links; and other relevant facts from the various arms of the institute, which include the Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Division of Earth and Ecosystem, Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Center for Arid Lands Environmental Management, Center for Watersheds and Environmental Sustainability, and several others. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Williams College: Center for Environmental Studies.
Sustainable Growth:
Environmental Protection Agency. Also from the EPA: Smart Growth. Resources focused on growth that attempts to "minimize environmental and health impacts while promoting economic prosperity." Green Vehicle Guide [Excel, tab-delimited text]. November 2001: Geared toward consumers to help them choose the most fuel-efficient and clean vehicles. Users can download vehicle lists, look up vehicle ratings, learn more about reducing vehicle pollution, and use the links section to find further information. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
World Economic Forum: Environmental Sustainability Index [.pdf, Excel, PowerPoint]. A collaboration among the World Economic Forum's Global Leaders for Tomorrow Environment Task Force, The Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy, and the Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network, the Environmental Sustainability Index "is a measure of overall progress towards environmental sustainability, developed for 122 countries." The idea is to create cross-national comparisons of environmental progress as part of an effort to foster a more analytically driven approach to environmental decision-making. The top-ranked nations were Finland, Norway, and Canada, with the US coming in at number eleven and the UK placing sixteenth. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Agriculture:. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Provides information on topics related to the 2002 Farm Bill, water quality and quantity, wildfires, conservation, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
University of Michigan: Center for Sustainable Systems.
University of Wisconsin at Madison: Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment.Perhaps the best part of the site is the Atlas of the Biosphere, which contains numerous maps documenting environmental phenomena across the globe, such as water resources, ecosystems, land use patterns, and human impact, at a variety of scales. The Atlas also contains the data sets that were used to generate these different thematic maps. Related material on the site includes several different global ecosystem and terrestrial hydrology models that have been created by the Center, and are made publicly available here for general review. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
News:
Environmental Defense: How the Earth Fared [.pdf]. A year-in-review of environmental news in 2002. Highlights developments and setbacks in the following areas: climate change and global warming, natural resources, endangered species and wildlife habitat protection, antibiotic resistance and organic foods, toxic chemicals, air quality, and oceans. The document includes links to relevant articles. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Capital Reports: Environmental News Link. Offering an alternative to mainstream sites, visitors can read timely articles on some of the most important environmental news stories of the day. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Environmental News Network
Lycos:Environment News Service. Without the usual spin provided by an affiliated business or environmental group. Covers legislative and judicial decisions, demonstrations, conferences, and other daily news that affects land use, public health, and wildlife.
PBS, Scientific American Frontiers: Forever Wild? [.pdf, RealPlayer, Shockwave, Windows Media]. Recenlty aired on PBS. This companion Web site explores how scientists are scrambling "to understand the intricate natural systems on which all life depends -- before it's too late." From TheNSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Geographic Magazine: Earthpulse: Covers environmental conservation issues with features that change monthly.From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Orion Online [RealPlayer]. The Website for two excellent magazines--Orion and Orion Afield--dedicated to the issue of humans living more harmoniously with our environment. Orion Afield is dedicated to reporting on community involvement in local environmental and economic projects. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Australian Broadcasting Corporation: Earthbeat [RealPlayer]. A weekly environmental science radio program that provides "in-depth analysis of current green issues." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Ecological Restoration:
The Society for Ecological Restoration; The Center for Restoration Ecology; A National Strategy to Restore Coastal and Estuarine Habitat; Nature/ Ecology at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Kissimmee River Restoration; RESTORE: The North Woods [Flash]; The Wildlands Project; Reconstructing a Prehistoric Scottish Woodland. The emerging field of restoration ecology provides an important tool for environmental conservation and contributes greatly to our understanding of ecology.From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Other:
National Humanities Center: Nature Transformed: The Environment in American History. Three thematic sections: Native Americans and the Land, Wilderness and American Identity, and The Use of the Land. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Sprawl City. A site dedicated to informing and assisting the general public about the issues of sprawl and rural land lost in the United States. With oversight from a variety of academic and practicing planners, the site contains a host of information about the growing rate of sprawl among urbanized and urbanizing areas across the country. Most helpful are a series of studies by Kolankiewicz and Beck investigating sprawl in several different states and regions, including California, Florida, Minnesota, and the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Along with all of their reports and studies, a section of definitions offers a more concrete explanation of how "sprawl" and other terms are technically defined. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: Race, Class, Gender, and American Environmentalism [.pdf].  The report details the history of the environmental movement, focusing on more than the dominant perspective. Four "major pathways of environmental activism" are identified and discussed in terms of race, class, and gender. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Eartheasy. A personal offering from Greg Seaman growing out of his experiences living with his wife and children on a rural island in Vancouver. The site aims "to encourage, inspire and inform people of the inherent wealth of a simpler, less material lifestyle." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Museum of Science, Boston: Ocean's Alive. Information about the physical features of oceans, how they've been created, the water cycle, and ocean profiles. Other links explain ocean currents, winds and waves, tides, life in the sea, and scientists who study the oceans. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
PBS Online, Ocean Alliance: The Voyage of the Odyssey [RealPlayer, Flash]. A multi-year project gathering baseline data on ocean health, using whales, albatrosses, and pelagic fish as environmental indicators. Students can read or listen to daily logs from the ship and track the voyage, while "Science from the Field" offers several video and audio reports. The "Interactive Ocean" portion of the site offers a unique opportunity to experience some of the sights and sounds beneath the surface. The "Class from the Sea" section is still under construction but will offer exciting ways to interact with the voyage, including virtual teleconferencing with the ship's crew. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
CLIMATE:
World Resources Institute: Contributions to Global Warming Map [.eps, .zip, .psd]. Contains a map of the relative contribution of carbon dioxide emissions of different geographic areas, offered as part of WRI's Global Topics: Climate Change and Energy. The map, which depicts emissions from 1900-99 to reflect the estimated residence time of CO2 in the atmosphere, can be downloaded. The site also includes a table of the top CO2-producing countries and links to the data sources used to create the map. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Center for the History of Physics and the American Institue of Physics: The Discovery of Global Warming [zip]. "A hypertext history of how scientists came to (partly) understand what people are doing to change the Earth's climate." Visitors will find a concise timeline describing the major discoveries throughout the years. Those who would like a copy of the website can download the file onto their hard drive. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. 1. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center: Climate Timeline Information Tool. Allows visitors to explore climate history and science from today to over 100,000 years ago through descriptions, illustrations, and other attractive graphics. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center: Climate of 2002 Preliminary Annual Review. Charts, graphs, tables, and descriptions of global temperatures, temperature trends, regional temperatures, and global precipitation. A US climate summary, as well as information on significant events, the Atlantic hurricane season, and the western US wildfire season, is also available. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Snow and Ice Data Center. Reports conditions in the cryosphere on the basis of remote sensing from satellites and aircraft; tracks the waxing and waning of snow cover, glaciers, sea ice, and ice shelves; monitors rising sea levels and conditions in the permafrost. Click on "State of the Cryosphere. Reference: Natural History, December 2002/January 2003: 70.
Global Warming: Early Warning Signs. Joint production of several environmental organizations, "the site has a world map you can click on to learn about the 'fingerprints' and 'harbingers' of climate change." Includes a "report on the potential consequences of the warming climate for different regions of the Univted States and for sectors ranging from agriculture to human health." Reference: Natural History, December 2002/January 2003: 70.
Columbia University, International Research Institute for Climate Prediction: Climate Information Digest. A monthly publication described as "a global quick look at seasonal climate, its impacts and outlooks." The free digest offers timely climate summaries, predictions, and other information for those involved in related research or study. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UN: UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol.
US Climate Change Science Program [.pdf]. A portal to the recently held Planning Workshop for Scientists and Stakeholders, convened by the Bush administration to set the research agenda for its US Climate Change Science Program From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
The White House: President Announces Clear Skies & Global Climate Change Initiatives. February 14, 2002 speech of President George Bush at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The President outlined what was called "the most aggressive initiative in American history to cut power plant emissions, as well as a bold new strategy for addressing global climate change." The White House Web Site provides a complete online transcript of the address, as well as links to a fact sheet, the Clear Skies policy book, and Global Climate Change policy book. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: "Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis" [.pdf]. Perhaps the most comprehensive and dire report to date on global warming and climate change. The report finds that global temperatures could rise as much as 10.5 degrees over the next century and that this is primarily the result of pollution. These findings were unanimously approved by about 150 scientists and 80 members of environmental and industry groups present at the IPCC Working Group I meeting in Shanghai. The full report is not available online, but the IPCC has posted a detailed eighteen-page summary for policymakers at its Website. At the site, users will also find additional publications, press reports, background information, and other resources. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.\
Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation: Testimony of Dr. James E. Hansen, Head of NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, and of Dr. V. Ramaswamy, Senior Scientist, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Labratory, Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce [scroll down for this].
Environmental Protection Agency: Global Warming Site.
Environmental Protection Agency: Climate Action Report 2002 [.pdf]. The United States of America's Third National Communication under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The introduction, all nine chapters, and appendices are available for viewing and download via Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) files. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center: "Monthly surface air temperature time series area-averaged over the 30-degree latitudinal belts of the globe." Compiled from existing World Weather Records, Monthly Climatic Data for the World, and Meteorological Data for Individual Years over the Northern Hemisphere (excluding the former USSR), supplemented with information from various national publications. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Department of Commerce: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Climate Diagnostics Center. The center strives "to identify the nature and causes of climate variations, on time scales ranging from a month to centuries" so as to predict future climate. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
San Francisco Exploratorium: Global Climate Change Research Explorer: Biosphere. A first-hand look at how climate change affects the biosphere. Visitors can access long-term, short-term, and even near real time data from a number of research projects conducted by various institutions. All data are presented graphically, with straightforward explanations of phenomena in question. Science educators may find this Web site useful in that it conveys the sense of "how researchers gather evidence, test theories, and come to conclusions." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Climate. Contains historical weather averages, showing what the weather was typically like each month, averaged over a range of years." Simply enter a city to obtain a list of matching entries; then click on the desired one and up comes all available data. This could include average precipitation, average maximum and minimum temperature, heating and cooling degree days, average sea level pressure, and more from various weather stations around or in the desired city. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center: National Climate Impact Indicators. These Climate Indices use weather observations to explain seasonal and year-to-year changes in economic performance. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Agriculture Forest Service: Distribution Maps and Tables. A Climate Change Atlas for 80 Forest Tree Species of the Eastern US.
MIT: Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change [pdf]. An interdisciplinary organization that conducts research, independent policy analysis, and public communication on issues of global environmental change.
University of Alberta: Researchers Find Genetic Response to Global Warming: Changing Climate Prompts Genetic Change in Squirrels. Press release detailing this first-ever demonstration of genetic adaptation to global warming. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Proceedings of the Royal Society: Genetic and Plastic Responses of a Northern Mammal to Climate Change. Abstract for recently published research (full-text available only with paid subscription). From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
International Energy Agency of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development: IEA Greenhouse Gas Research and Development Program
National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Environment and Natural Resources: Assessments of Global Environmental Issues by the U.S. Global Change Research Program.
Natural Resources, Canada: What is Climate Change? Although specific to Canadian regions, the site will give visitors from all over a good introduction to the potential problems of "global warming." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Canadian Climate Impacts and Adaptation Research Network.  An excellent place to find resources and literature about Canadian climate changes. Categories span nearly everything related to climate change, including agriculture, drought, erosion, forests, ice cover, precipitation, and species distribution. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environment Canada: El Nino. Includes El Nino history and science, Canadian and worldwide effects, its current status and forecast, and La Nina facts, as well as links to further information. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs; Atmosphere, Climate and Environment Information Programme: The Encyclopedia of the Atmospheric Environment. The site offers nine atmospheric topics such as acid rain and global warming, along with many subtopics. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
University of Wisconsin-Madison: Center for Climatic Research. "Focuses on studies of present, future, and past climates, the links between ecosystems and climate and between civilizations and climate, and assessment of the impacts of climate variability on water,food, and energy resources." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
USA Today: Guide to the Science of the Atmosphere. Contains dozens of well-designed and informative pages about weather. Topics include the sun, wind, storms, rains, floods, snow, tornadoes, and much more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
National Academy Press: Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems, 1999. Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, 1999.
National Academy Press: Planning Climate and Global Change Research. Chapters include "Meeting the Nation's Needs for Climate and Global Change Information," "Managing and Guiding the Program," and "Enhancing Linkages and Communication." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
National Academy Press, National Research Council: Climate Change Science: An Analysis of Some Key Questions. A short, new report takes a look at global warming trends in the last century. The report predicts a temperature increase of 2.5 to 10.4 degrees Fahrenheit (1.4 to 5.8 degrees Celsius) over the next 100 years but emphasizes the uncertainty of predictions and the degree to which human factors have played a role in warming trends. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
National Academy Press: Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change
National Academies: Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate
Pew Center on Global Climate Change: Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Climate Change: Potential Impacts on Inland Freshwater and Coastal Wetland Ecosystems in the United States [.pdf]. The seventh in a series of reports on the potential impacts of global climate change. The report predicts that projected climate change over the next 100 years will have significant impacts on valuable US freshwater ecosystems. Introductory sections are viewable online, while the entire report can be downloaded in Adobe Reader. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Pew Center on Global Climate Change: An Overview of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Verification Issues [.pdf, .zip, .sit]. How leading industrial firms inventory and verify their greenhouse gas emissions. Suggests how to improve the inventory process and the reliability of reported information, and reviews approaches to verification by government- and non-government-sponsored programs for greenhouse emissions reduction. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
University of Wisconsin, Green Bay Cofrin Arboretum Center for Biodiversity: Phenology. Phenology is the study of the relationship of climate to periodic events in nature, such as bird migrations, plant life, etc. This is an online set of phenological data tables for the Great Lakes region. This Web site will ultimately provide "a long-term data base of regional phenology for scientists, educators, and nature lovers," with particular application to ecological and climate change research. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences,Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Syracuse Research Corporation: Compilation of Ozone Depletion Potentials and Global Warming Potentials. Contains experimental Global Warming Potentials and Ozone Depletion Potentials compiled from the open literature. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Cooler Heads Coalition, a sub-group of the National Consumer Coalition: Global Warming Information Page.
Greenpeace: International Campaign to Save the Climate.
Natural SCIENCE: "Global Warming: It's Happening," by Kevin E. Trenberth, 1997.
Resources for the Future: Weathervane: A Digital Forum on Global Climate Policy.
World Resources Institute: Contributions to Climate Change: Are Conventional Metrics Misleading the Debate?
One World Journeys Mercury Rising: Bearing Witness to Climate Change [Flash 5]. A photographic journey through the Monteverde Cloud Forest in Costa Rica to witness how climate change is affecting the planet. Photo images are interwoven with sound. Photographs can be viewed in highband (which requires the use of Macromedia's Flash 5 Player) or lowband. In addition, the site provides special reports to give an overall understanding of the various issues regarding climate change. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
GreenHouse Gas Online [.pdf]. Current and archived articles from newspapers and peer-reviewed journals around the world. Only journal articles with freely available abstracts are included. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
University of Cambridge Center for Atmospheric Science: The Ozone Hole Tour. An introduction to the discovery and science of ozone and its effects. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Public Interest Research Group: Danger in the Air: The 2001 Ozone Season Summary [.pdf]. Although the organization has a specific agenda, the data, which is reported to be from a network of more than a thousand ozone monitors across the nation, should be helpful to those studying or monitoring ozone. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
University of California San Diego: The Squier Group: Education. [August 2003: Site under reconstruction.] Contains several educational pages related to physical and general chemistry. Students can learn about air pollution, molecular dynamics, atomic orbitals, entropy, and more through various slides prepared on each topic. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Climatology and Paleoclimatology Resources. Links to climate data and information sites, climate modeling groups, etextual documents, climate data list, relevant textbooks, as well as Models and other software. From The NSDL Scout Report forthe Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
ENERGY
Department of Energy: Annual Energy Outlook 2003 with Projections to 2025 [.pdf]. The report contains specific information on energy issues, prices, use, production, and more, including graphs and tables (when applicable) that relate to the nation as well as specific regions. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy, Office of Scientific and Technical Information: Energy Citations Database [.pdf, .zip]. Includes bibliographic records of documents from the DOE as well as the agencies that preceded it, the Energy Research & Development Administration and the Atomic Energy Commission. Citations from 1948 to the present. Records span "chemistry, physics, materials, environmental science, geology, engineering, mathematics, climatology, oceanography, computer science and related disciplines." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network. Gateway to energy efficiency and renewable energy information. With over 600 links and access to 80,000 documents, the site is fairly comprehensive. The bulk of the content is accessed via the Technologies section, which is browseable by topic. Each topic page offers links to related sites and numerous subtopic pages, which in turn link to numerous full-text articles located off-site. Also included on the main page are more links, some specialized resources (Ask an Expert, Financing, News, etc.), and information on DOE public meetings and renewable energy programs. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy: Fossil Energy.gov. ELectric power research and development: carbon sequestration.
Department of Energy: Fossil Fuels. The site gives an introduction to energy, and then a more detailed look at the acquisition and uses of coal, oil, and gas. The good descriptions, illustrations, and animations, along with the frequent questions page and glossary of related terms, combine to give a clear and enlightening overview of the subject. [JAB] From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright InternetScout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy: Office of Science. Carbon sequestration.
Department of Energy: Central Internet Database. Here users can generate and print reports containing nationwide data on radioactive waste, contaminated media, and spent nuclear fuel. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy:  Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Energy Education and Training. Learning resources. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu.
Department of Energy: The Office of River Protection [.pdf]. Created in 1998 to manage the US Department of Energy's "largest, mostcomplex environmental cleanup project" called the Hanford Tank. The Web site includes a host of public information including a description of the program, technical and cost facts, related publications (such as public briefings and environmental impact statements), and much more.From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy: Energy Savers: Tips on Saving Energy and Money at Home. This site provides important information to homeowners on what they can do to save energy in several categories, including insulation and weathering, heating and cooling, water heating, windows, landscaping, lighting, appliances, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
M.I.T. Energy Laboratory.
Boston University: Center for Energy and Environmental Studies [.pdf] Multi-disciplinary program that offers "education, research, and professional training in the fields of energy and environmental analysis." The website provides background information on the program and faculty. Of greatest interest to non-affiliated users is the research section, which contains abstracts and the full text of a number of papers by CEES staff. Also included are abstracts and links to publications written by faculty that are hosted elsewhere. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The University of California at Irvine: National Fuel Cell Research Center. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
American Solar Energy Society: Northeast Sustainable Energy Association. The site offers useful tools for homeowners and teachers, including information about sustainable transportation, energy conservation tips, and selected articles from the Northeast Sun. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The American Wind Energy Association: Wind Energy Projects Throughout the United States. Visitors click on the US map to get a list of all current and new projects being undertaken in a particular state. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Public Radio, All Things Considered: Oil and Dependence. Examines America's continued reliance on foreign oil. The articles discuss the global oil market, the domestic supply, and whether the US can move towards increasing energy conservation and less foreign oil dependence. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Hubbert Peak of Oil Production. Provides data, analysis and recommendations regarding the upcoming peak in the rate of global oil extraction. Source: Natural History Magazine.
World Resources Institute: Oil as a finite resource: When is global production likely to peak?. Source: Natural History Magazine.
Paleontological Research Institution: From the Ground Up: The World of Oil. This site includes sections on Geology Basics, Oil in Your Backyard, Hydrocarbon Systems, Paleontolgoy and Oil, Oil History, Dairy Uses of Oil, Tools of the Trade, and more. These lessons allow students to explore the topics at their own pace and without the help of teachers or parents. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
BBC Nature: A Land Worth Loving. The site as several interactive activities related to energy conservation and recycling including the virtual energy house. Here users get to choose energy saving items to see the resulting gains to the homeowner and the environment. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Danish Wind Industry Association: Guided Tour on Wind Energy. Extensive information on everything wind-related. The Guided Tour on Wind Energy page has more than one hundred topics, including global wind effects, wind energy and turbines, various wind related calculators, and more. Easy-to-follow descriptions and good illustrations and animations help anyone understand the science behind wind and its possibilities for creating clean, renewable energy. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
AIR:
American Lung Association: State of the Air 2002 [.pdf]. This report finds that the number of Americans living with unhealthy air has increased since the last annual report. More than half of US counties where there are ozone monitors received a failing grade. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: On-line Data and Reports on Acid Rain, Atmospheric Deposition and Precipitation Chemistry.Visitors can retrieve monitoring station data including precipitation-weighted means and total wet deposition in the form of trend plots, annual data summaries, and annual to daily data sets. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
WATER:
Water Environment Federation. Several excellent resources including This Week Worldwide, a weekly compilation of specific water quality issues being discussed around the world. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
The Pacific Institute: The World's Water.
The Pacific Institute: The New Economy of Water [.pdf]. the report clearly details the impact and potential harm of current and pending zoning and privatization efforts on the part of utilities and other interested agencies, both public and private. In particular, the study focuses on the social and financial costs of water privatization efforts and their long term implications for specific countries and societies. Perhaps most compelling is the policy brief's emphasis on the competing forces of globalization and privatization and how they tend to play out and off of one another. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Water Research Network. A "multidisciplinary database of research, researchers, and institutions dealing with fresh water issues all over the world," WRN is a product of collaboration between the University of Bergen, Norway, the Norwegian Research Council, and the Government of the Netherlands. While the site's material is mostly metadata and relevant mainly to researchers, casual users should find links to other more substantive Web sites that may interest them. Unique browsing categories, like Water in Time and Water and Ethics, should prove helpful in finding something worthwhile. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Water and Sanitation Program. An international organization concerned with water and sanitation services for the poor. The Publication and Videos page contains links to materials related to water resources and undeveloped countries, organized by author, category, data, title, or region. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Year of Clean Water 2002. The Clean Water Act's 30th anniversary occurs on October 18, 2002. Much has been accomplished, but more remains to be done. Congress, governors, and a host of national organizations have declared 2002 "The Year of Clean Water." Through this site, the coalition offers opportunities for both adults and children to learn more about the need to protect our water supply. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Practical Ocean Energy Management Systems, Inc.. A forum for ocean-based energy development that supports Research and Development on the full range of issues involved in the extraction,storage and transmission of power from the ocean. Educational material is offered on the Environment: Oceanography Index  page of the Web site, which includes dozens of topics to help students understand oceanography and the environment. Subjects include beaches, continental drift, currents, oceans, storms, tides, tsunamis, and waves. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
International Joint Commission [pdf]. Canada and the United States cooperate to manage lakes and rivers along the border wisely and to protect them for the benefit of today's citizens and future generations." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
The 3rd World Water Forum [Media Player]. Convened in March 2003 in Japan, the forum considered how to bring safe water and sanitation to the world. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Florida Atlantic University: Florida Center For Environmental Studies. Collects and disseminates research and educational materials related to water-dominated ecosystems, especially the Everglades. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Mixing Oil and Water Again. A straight look at the issues surrounding oil spills, particularly that of the Exxon Valdez off Prince William Sound in 1992. Explains both the science and politics of oil spills and cleanup efforts. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
US Geological Survey: National Water Information System Web. Data collected at approximately 1.5 million sites in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: National Water Quality Assessment Data Warehouse. A comprehensive and well-organized site offering information on water quality studies from all over the United States. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Utah State University Extension Water Resource Issues Team: Drought Resources and Information. Provides information on landscape irrigation, agricultural water uses, home water conservation, drought and weather monitoring, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
US Water News. News coverage of water supply and quality, legislation, water rights, conservation, and the global waterfront. The collection of links includes state, federal, international, nonprofit, and many other resources. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
2003: International Year of Fresh Water. In 2002 the United Nations General Assembly resolved to proclaim 2003 as the International Year of Freshwater. It is hoped that many governments and political actors will use the year to increase awareness of the importance of sustainable freshwater use, management, and protection. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
International Rivers Network [pdf]. In part, the network's mission is to halt and reverse the degradation of river systems and to foster greater understanding, awareness and respect for rivers. The Web site offers news articles, information, and publications including the World Rivers Review, which is devoted to river issues and appropriate freshwater management; the River Revival Bulletin that summarizes recent developments in dam decommissioning and river restoration; the Water and Power Pipeline, which offers a list of the new water and energy projects that are being considered for approval. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: Ground Water and Drinking Water. Continually updated information regarding drinking water regulation, as well as general facts such as where drinking water comes from, what's in it, drinking water standards, how you can protect your drinking water. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Protection Agency: What's Up With Our Nation's Waters?. Looks at how water quality is measured, what toxins are found in drinking water, and defining wetlands and groundwater.
American Society for Microbiology: Microbiology Current Issues: Water Quality. A comprehensive introduction to microbial contamination of the water supply. Information on water-borne pathogens and the diseases they cause, where our drinking water comes from, how water becomes contaminated, scientific advances that could make our water supply safer, and much more.From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Atmospheric Sciences: The Hydrologic Cycle: Online Meteorology Guide. Describes the various aspects of the hydrologic cycle, such as the water budget, evaporation, precipitation, runoff, etc. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
McGraw-Hill Companies: Groundwater and Wetlands. Topics include the hydrologic cycle, rock properties, groundwater systems, high plains aquifer, human modifications of groundwater systems, and wetlands information. Contains illustrations and/or photographs, as well as non-technical text. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
University of Minnesota, Water on the Web: Understanding Lake Ecology. The extensive site contains information on the basics of physical, chemical, and biological properties of lakes, and processes including their formation, stratification, eutrophication, etc. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Washington State Department of Ecology, Water Quality Program: A Citizen's Guide to Understanding and Monitoring Lakes and Streams. The five chapters include the basic scientific knowledge needed to partake in water quality monitoring. For example, visitors can learn about parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH, as well as how to report and analyze the collected data. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright InternetScout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
International Joint Commission: The Eleventh Biennial Report of Great Lakes Water Quality [.pdf]. The commission is an independent and objective advisor between the governments of the US and Canada that specifically focuses on boundary or transboundary water issues. The report includes the current state of the Great Lakes; policy issues; and information about nutrients, toxic substances, nuclear issues, and much more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Institute for Ecological Economics and the South Florida Water Management District: The Everglades Landscape Model. The site has a brief introduction to the problems involved with the management of the region and the general objectives of the project. In addition, there is a detailed section outlining the particulars of the model's structure and the specific premises assumed within the model. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Center for Watershed Protection [pdf]. Users will find detailed guidelines for measuring watershed vulnerability, assessing stream quality, and performing a stormwater retrofit inventory. Methods for identifying critical natural areas as part of watershed protection will be available in the future. Other resources and much more information about CWP projects are also provided --anyone involved in watershed protection should definitely check out this site. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: North American Drought: A Paleo Perspective. Data on past droughts going back several thousand years, including an animated map of the US showing drought severity for every summer from 1700-1978.
US Environmental Protection Agency: Arsenic in Drinking Water [.pdf]. On October 31, 2001, the EPA announced its decision to implement the standard for arsenic levels in drinking water at 10 parts per billion (ppb), down from the less strict 50 ppb standard. The site includes a fact sheet, links to expert panel reviews including the National Academy of Science's Arsenic National Drinking Water Advisory Council, and current and past press releases on proposed standards and actions. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: Pharmaceuticals, Hormones, and Other Organic Wastewater Contaminants in U.S. Streams, 1999-2000: A National Reconnaissance [.pdf]. The first in a series of reports that looks at 95 contaminants from industrial, human, and agricultural wastewater sources. Looking in 139 streams during 1999-2000, the study has found that surprisingly high levels of household chemicals, pharmaceuticals, detergents, and disinfectants have found their way into US streams. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Environmental Working Group: Thyroid Toxin Taints Water Supplies for Millions in Calif. & Nationwide [.pdf]. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Women Exploring the Oceans.  The site currently contains biographies, interviews, and photographs of eleven women. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
HAZARDOUS SITES:
Environmental Protection Agency: Brownfields Cleanup and Redevelopment [.pdf]. Information and data on the extensive hazardous site cleanup program. From the NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
BIODIVERSITY:
All Species Foundation. A non-profit organization dedicated to the complete inventory of all species of life on Earth, which has important implications for effective conservation, environmental impact studies, and understanding ecosystem functioning. An important feature of the site is the Species Search Engine that includes over 1 million species. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
United Nations Environment Programmes World Conservation Monitoring Center: World Atlas of Biodiversity. This Web site can be useful in demonstrating spatial patterns of environmental problems. Users can choose from dozens of map layers (derived from biodiversity and related data) to superimpose on geographical maps of the planet on a global, regional, or even local scale. One does not have to be familiar with GIS programs to use this Web site, but a quick look at the Help page should clarify any confusion regarding the site's toolbar icons or other features.From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute: Terrestrial Environmental Science Program. The institute funds long-term monitoring projects in the following areas: Meteorology and Hydrology; Tropical Plant Reproductive Biology; and the Population Dynamics of Insect, Lizards, Birds, and Mammals. This comprehensive Web site presents detailed information about research conducted in each area, while also providing a list of related publications, a map library, and other resources. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
National Geographic Society and World Wildlife Fund: Wild World. Two interactive maps: "Global 200" shows 200 regions for which conservation efforts are crucial because they are home to the richest, rarest, and most endangered biological communities.... Together these regions harbor 20 percent of the world's plant species. "Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World" shows the world's landmass divided into ecoregions instead of into the usual political demarcations. These entities are distinguished by shared ecological features of climate and of plant and animal communities. Cited from Natural History Magazine, November, 2001, p. 84.
World Wildlife Fund International: The Global 200: Blueprint for a Living Planet.The Global 200 is the fund's comprehensive ranking of the most biologically diverse habitats around the world. Search by name or country, click the desired location on a global map, or browse the entire list of more than 200 ecoregions to learn about each ecoregion and its diversity. A global map also shows which ecoregions are endangered or vulnerable. The detailed Global 200 report or a summary document can be downloaded for further information on the science behind the analysis. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
American Museum of Natural History: Center for Biodiversity and Conservation. The center aims to "integrate scientific research, education, and outreach so that people will become participants in its conservation." The center currently conducts biodiversity conservation research in the Bahamas, Bolivia, Madagascar, Vietnam, and in metropolitan New York. The project headings lead to pages that contain detailed information, maps, photos, and relevant links. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Nature Conservancy and the Natural Heritage Network: NatureServe Explorer. "A source for authoritative conservation information on more than 50,000 plants, animals, and ecological communities of the United States and Canada." Detailed information on the conservation status, geographic distribution, taxonomy, and natural history for species of interest. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Wildscreen Trust, Great Britain: ARKive: Images of Life on Earth [QuickTime, Windows Media Player, RealOne Player]. A growing catalog of information, pictures, and videos, illustrating our Earth's diverse species. Eventually the page will contain "an audio-visual record, where possible, for the 11,000 animals and plants threatened with extinction." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Conservation International: Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Network, The Canadian Nature Federation, and The University of Guelph: Nature Watch/Attention Nature!. A series of volunteer environmental monitoring programs, Nature Watch is a growing network that currently includes Frog Watch, Ice Watch, Plant Watch, and Worm Watch. Site visitors can access the home pages of each of the participating programs for details about each program, how to collect and contribute data, and to view data that has already been collected. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Natural History Museum, London: Exploring Biodiversity [Quicktime]. To help students learn about biodiversity concepts and measures. Although the maps and data are specific to the UK, the concepts and lessons are applicable to students everywhere. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
American Society of International Law: Wildlife Interest Group [.pdf]. The purpose of the group is to contribute to conserving endangered wildlife species by helping to strengthen international wildlife treaty regimes, regional accords and national legislation that implements international treaty regimes. Although the information originates from the field of law, the information presented may be of interest to a scientific audience as well. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Wildlife Conservation Society: In the Wild. This site presents a new, comprehensive map of the human footprint, or "patterns of human influence across the land's surface." Recently published in Bioscience, the study reveals that human beings "directly influence more than three quarters of the earth's landmass," a finding that should serve as a "wake-up call" for making a concerted effort to find sustainable ways to use our natural resources. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Museums Online: South Africa: Biodiversity Explorer. Provides an astounding number of information-rich Web pages covering regional plants, scorpions and spiders, insects, vertebrates, and marine life. Visitors will find detailed information (with references) and lots of photos within these pages, each with numerous hypertext links for exploring related topics. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
IUCN-The World Conservation Union: 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The most current and reliable information of its sort. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility has been established to facilitate "the compilation, linking, standardization, digitization and global dissemination of the world's biodiversity data." The OECD groups 30 member countries in an organisation that provides governments a setting in which to discuss, develop and perfect economic and social policy. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Expert Center for Taxonomic Identification: World Biodiversity Database.  The database seeks to "document all presently known species (about 1.7 million) and to make this important biological information worldwide accessible." It "provides taxonomic information, species names, synonyms, descriptions, illustrations and literature references when available" on 200,000 taxa. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Animal Info: Information on Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Mammals. Searchable database of information on rare, threatened, and endangered mammals from around the world. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
African Wildlife Foundation. Information on current programs and program locations, including factsheets and photos of African wildlife. Includes an online library of recent and archived news articles. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Conservation Corporation Africa: Wildwatch: African Wildlife & Conservation. CCAfrica is one of Africa's most comprehensive eco-tourism companies. The site includes details of the company's six-point conservation and sustainable development model plus first-hand accounts of wildlife sightings and an excellent image gallery. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Pew Oceans Commission: Report: Marine Reserves Key to Preserving Ocean Ecosystems [.pdf] The report relates findings that well-protected marine reserves are indeed effective in restoring and maintaining coastal marine habitats. The sizeable report file may present an obstacle to those with slower connections, but readers can at least review the abstract on the main Web page before deciding whether to download the entire file. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
United Nations Division for Sustainable Development: Protecting and Managing the Natural Resource Base of Economic and Social Development --Oceans/Coastal Areas/Fisheries. Partnerships and programs developed by various countries to effectively maintain the productivity and viability of their coastlines and surrounding oceans. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Internet Guide to International Fisheries Law: Compendium of Legal Texts. Compendium of international fishing treaties and agreements that stretches back to the 1923 Convention for the Preservation of the Halibut Treaty. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Global Aquaculture Alliance. Aquaculture around the world. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Cetacea. Site devoted to providing "complete background information on every species of whale, dolphin, and porpoise," along with offering details about whale watching and the evolution of cetaceans. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations: Forestry: Country Profiles. A vast amount of information on forestry and the state of the world's forests. Users can navigate through a forest cover map to select a country of interest. A report including geographic description, forest cover, ecological zones, and forest fire statistics is provided for each nation, along with forest management and forest product trade information. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations: State of the World's Forests 2003 [.pdf].  This comprehensive report addresses recent developments in the forest sector such as agricultural expansion and mangrove conversion, conservation and sustainable development, forestry education and other institutional concerns, international policy, and other issues. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
UN: Forest Resources of Europe, CIS, North America, Australia, Japan and New Zealand
UN: Temperate and Boreal Forest Resources Assessment Homepage. Published jointly by the UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Described as "the most comprehensive set of internationally comparable data on the temperate and boreal forests ever issued." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Department of Agriculture's Forest Service: Global Forest Watch. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center [pdf]. The mission of the center is "to provide scientific understanding and the technology needed to support sound management and conservation of our nation's natural resources, with emphasis on western ecosystems."
Flora and Fauna International and the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre: Global Trees Campaign [pdf]. An online conduit for information about endangered tree species that contains a database with information on close to 7,300 tree species. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Natural Resources Defense Council: The Boreal Forest: Earth's Green Crown. Photo essay featuring Canada's vast tract of boreal forest, one of the world's largest and amazingly intact forest ecosystems. The photo essay offers an in-depth look at these forests, including an overview of environmental threats posed by industrial development (mining, oil and gas, timber, hydropower, etc.). From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Taiga Rescue Network From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Department of Agriculture, Department of the Interior, Forest Service, and National Association of State Foresters: National Fire Plan [.pdf]. The site is quite comprehensive, offering fairly detailed information about firefighting, plans for landscape rehabilitation and restoration, research and accountability, fuel reduction strategies, and more. The site also provides a link to the National Fire Plan Maps Web site, which is an "internet based mapping application that visually portrays the Department of Interior and Department of Agriculture land management agencies hazardous fuels program projects in relation to the wildland urban interface communities." Other useful features include an extensive glossary and a link to wildfire updates from the National Interagency Fire Center. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Hampshire College: SimForest [pdf, Microsoft Word]. This site contains a downloadable program and supporting educational materials designed to teach students the ecology of forest growth. SimForest is available in two versions: A "black box" simulation and the more advanced "glass box" simulation, which allows inspections and modification of the underlying forest growth model. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
US Fish and Wildlife Service: 2001 Candidate Notice of Review [.pdf]. Lists plants and animals that may warrant protection under the Endangered Species Act. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. [pdf]  "An international research institute with a mandate to advance the conservation and use of genetic diversity for the well-being of present and future generations." Informative resources on agricultural biodiversity, including breaking news, downloadable publications, links to online databases, and much more. The publications library has a number of downloadable IPGRI reports available free of charge. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service: PLANTS Threatened and Endangered Module. Provides access to information on state and federally protected plants. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
New York Botanical Garden: International Plant Science Center. "One of the few institutions worldwide with the resources, collections, and expertise to develop the information needed to understand and manage plant diversity." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Sea Web. SeaWeb is a nonprofit organization aimed at raising awareness of the ocean and marine life that play "a critical role in our everyday life and in the future of our planet." SeaWeb employs a team of professionals from biology, exploration, and various communication disciplines. The current campaigns include an effort to protect the declining Caspian Sea Sturgeon ("the source of most of the world's caviar"), an attempt to reduce overfishing of swordfish, and a report about the changes occurring in the world's oceans. This Web site is a robust source of information about many threats that are facing marine ecosystems, and an attempt to reduce the dangers by educating the public about the impacts of their behavior. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Gulf of Maine Aquarium. An abundant resource on marine ecosystems. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
World Wildlife Fund: Expeditions in Conservation: Mesoamerican Reef [Flash, Real Player]. The fund recently completed this expedition of the largest coral reef system in the Atlantic Ocean and has provided an opportunity for Web users to share some of what they experienced. The site offers much about coral reefs, the people who study them, and the threats that face these unique ecosystems. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Geological Survey: Coral Mortality and African Dust [.pdf, QuickTime]. Contains in-depth information about the idea that airborne dust from increased desertification in northern Africa may affect the health of coral reef systems in the Caribbean. The site provides a short but thorough explanation of the phenomenon, and links to other Web sites that have featured it as a news story or television documentary. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
The Audubon Society and the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology: BirdSource.  A Web site that allows users to participate in bird conservation and data gathering. By participating in bird identification and counts, citizens can help ornithologists determine species distribution and ranges. In addition to maps showing results from several public bird surveys, the site contains a great deal on identifying birds, conservation articles, and information for attracting birds to your feeder. This is a well rounded and attractive site for the bird enthusiast that offers data gathering opportunities throughout the year. [AL] From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Center for Urban Restoration Ecology: Urban Habitats. "A peer-reviewed, fully indexed scientific journal written and edited for a wide audience of researchers, restoration ecologists, park and preserve managers, government officials, and naturalists." CURE is a joint project of Rutgers University and the Brooklyn Botanic Garden. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.

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Population
See also above under Environment, Health, and AIDS.
UN Population Fund: The State of World Population 2002. Annual report. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Gazetteer. Data on the current population of cities, towns, and regions all over the globe. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Department of Commerce: Census Bureau: On the right, click on Population clock.
Princeton University: Office of Population Research.
Population Reference Bureau: 2003 World Population Data Sheet.
Population Action International
National Academies: Growing Populations, Changing Landscapes: Studies from India, China, and the United States (2001). Can be read on line. This book uses case studies to look at population growth and land-use change through time and space. This comes from a joint project between the US, Chinese and Indian Academies of Science. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UNICEF: The State of the World's Children 2002 [.pdf, RealPlayer]. As with previous reports, this year's covers progress made since the 1990 World Summit for Children and goals that have yet to be met. For example, since the summit under-five mortality has dropped fourteen percent, but in sub-Saharan Africa, the number of malnourished children has increased. The full 103-page report includes maps, charts, photos, illustrations, and more. The site also offers video pieces, a page of links from the report, an "In brief" section, and short features. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Committee for the National Institute for the Environment: The Effect of Population on Global Climate Change.

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Health
World Health Organization
World Health Organization: International Digest of Health Legislation.
World Health Organization: World Health Report 2002 [.pdf]. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Health and Human Services: globalhealth.gov. Geared toward illuminating the connection between domestic and international health issues. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Health and Human Services: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological and interaction profiles of nearly 300 substances, a national exposure registry, a link to the Hazardous Substance Release and Health Effects Database, hazardous waste site maps and lists, publications, and much more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Harvard School of Public Health: World Health News.
Altruis Biomedical Network. A large network of sites with information in healthcare and biomedical research. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS
Natural History Magazine recommends the following sites:
Scope: GM Food. On the "Scope Forum" menu, "Positions" presents experts answering questions about risks and benefits. "Site Bites" reviews other web sites, such as:
The Union of Concerned Scientists: Food and Environment. NHM judges this a "balanced examination."
Monsanto. Search for "GM Food." The "upbeat" side.
U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Agricultural Biotechnology. Also upbeat.
Independent Science Panel (London):
The Case for a GM-free Sustainable World. Scientific opposition.
Colorado State University: Transgenic Crops: An Introduction and Resource Guide.
An up-to-date guide that does not take sides, but gives the science underlying the issues in detail. Views of specific crops in use and to come.
Greenpeace: True Food Network. Click on the blue ikon at the right for the "True Food Shopping List," which names companies which sell genetically modified foods and those which don't.
TOXIC CHEMICALS
National Institutes of Health: TOXNET , (Toxicology Data Network). The National Library of Medicine Databases covering toxicology, hazardous chemicals, and related topics. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry:. Top 20 Hazardous Substances. Each substance's page answers what it is, what happens when it enters the environment, how the public may be exposed, how it could affect your health, and more. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
National Library of Medicine: Tox Town [Flash]. This highly visual Web site provides a wealth of information and related resources, such as an introduction to everyday locations where toxic chemicals might lurk, non-technical descriptions of toxins, the effect of toxins on human health, and more. Users access information by clicking on a topic of interest, which then links to comprehensive Web pages from NLM's MEDLINEplus, TOXNET, or other authoritative sources. Does not currently provide information on all commonly encountered chemical toxins, but future plans for the site include the addition of more chemical descriptions and other features. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety: International Programme on Chemical Safety. Inchem. Documents on chemical safety from a host of organizations worldwide. Examples of information that can be found include exposure limits by country, pesticide data sheets, health and safety guides, and physical-chemical data. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
PBS: Trade SecretsA companion to the PBS special hosted by Bill Moyers exploring the history of the chemical revolution of the past 50 years and how companies have sought to withhold information from the public and their employees about the safety of many substances. The program draws on a large collection of previously secret industry documents which reveal a closely planned and well-executed campaign to limit regulation of toxic chemicals and the liability of manufacturers and to withhold important health information from all parties. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Syracuse Research Corporation: Toxic Substances Control Act Test Submissions (TSCATS). The Toxic Substances Control Act Test Submissions (TSCATS) database is a collection of unpublished technical reports submitted by industries to the Environmental Protection Agency since 1985. Both environmental effect and health effect studies on over 8,000 chemicals are included. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Pesticide Action Network North America: PESTIS. Includes all sorts of data and information related to pesticide use, including ecotoxicological studies on fish, amphibians, fungi, and more, to ideas for alternatives to pesticides.From The NSDL Scout Report for the Physical Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
DISEASE
World Health Organization, Communicable Disease Outbreak and Response: Disease Outbreak News. Highlights recent reports of infectious disease, archived by date and by disease. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: CDC Wonder. A "single point of access to a variety of CDC reports, guidelines, and numeric public health data." Site visitors can log on to the site as an anonymous user or complete the free registration. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet ScoutProject 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Emerging Infectious Diseases.
VIRUSES
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Molecular Virology: Virus World [.mpg, QuickTime]. High quality virus images that may be used for seminar presentations or any other noncommercial use. Users can choose from American Society for Virology conference poster images, enhanced EM pictures, and images of virology-related book and journal covers. Images may be searched by virus name; the results page will provide links to summary information from the Protein Data Bank and to the Scripps Research Institute's Virus Particle Explorer. Movie animations and relevant links are provided for some of the virus images. Users can also access tutorials on virus structure and other topics. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
An Electronic Introduction to Molecular Virology, by Ed Rybicki, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Capetown. An online virology tutorial that serves as a lesson on the basics of virology for a more advanced student. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Big Picture Book of Viruses. Natural History Magazine, June, 2003: 70.
University of California at Los Angeles: Viruses, Vaccines, and Evolution of Influenza. The epidemics of the last century. Natural History Magazine, June, 2003: 70.
Think Quest: The Hidden Killers: Deadly Viruses. A basic introduction to viruses and how they cause infections. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, An Essay, by Alison Jacobson, Dept. of Microbiology, University of Capetown. Discusses some emerging and potentially emerging viruses, along with factors that contribute to the threat. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
US Geological Survey's Center for Biological Informatics, National Biological Information Infrastructure: West Nile Virus. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Centers for Disease Control: West Nile Virus [.pdf]. The most recent data: a 2003 Human Case Count and updated maps representing the spread of the virus. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/
World Health Organizaton: SARS. Under "For More Information" click on "WHO collaborative Networks" and follow the web trail. From: Natural History Magazine, June, 2003: 70.
Centers for Disease Control: SARS.From: Natural History Magazine, June, 2003: 70.
Nature: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS [.pdf]. Dozens of articles, including editorials, Science Updates, and Brief Communications from the journal. The articles trace the chronology of the SARS epidemic, and the section titled "What Have We Learned?" offers an excellent overview of what we know and what remains to be seen. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Russell Kightley Media:VIRUS PICTURES/Coronaviruses/ SARS Virus Images. From: Natural History Magazine, June, 2003: 70.
SARS: What is known to date. Natural History Magazine, June, 2003: 70.
MICROBES
American Society for Microbiology: Microbe World. Intimate Strangers: Unseen Life on Earth--PBS [Shockwave]. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000.
Committee on International Science, Engineering, and Technology Policy of President Clinton's National Science and Technology Council: Global Microbial Threats in the 1990s. Focuses on the responses to infectious disease outbreaks, including drugs, vaccines, and government response. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Parasitic Diseases: DPDx: Identification and Diagnosis of Parasites of Public Health Concern. The site provides information about the cause, life cycle, and treatment (among other things) for a number of parasites, listed in alphabetical order and categorized by location of residence. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.

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AIDS
DIAGRAMS
James A. Sullivan, CELLS alive! Explanation and diagram of the HIV Infection Process.
Critical Path AIDS Project: Diagram of HIV Virus.
Garland Publishing: Immunobiology Animations. Companion to Immunobiology, Fifth Edition, but useful to all students of molecular biology. The site presents a color cartoon animation with accompanying captions on each immunological action -- antigen recognition, NF-ATc activation, and cytokine signaling, to name a few . Users can control the animation speed and look up topics using a text index or a side bar of thumbnail images. Another sidebar gives the key to what symbols in the animations represent (t-cells, MAP proteins, transcription factors, etc.). These visuals provide a great study aid for college-level students. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
INFORMATION
UNAIDS: Report on the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic, June 2000. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UN: UN General Assembly Special Session on AIDS, Special Session: Global Crisis, Global Action, June 2001 [MS Word, .pdf]. At the official site of this special session are daily calendars of events, documents, press releases, archived Webcasts, official statements, and multimedia offerings. The conference site offers background information, a bulletin, documents, and other information. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UNICEF: "Progress of Nations 2000" -- UNICEF. Click on "Contents."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention; Click on Surveillance Report. This semi-annual report provides tables and graphics for HIV/AIDS by state, metropolitan area, mode of exposure to HIV, gender, race/ ethnicity, age group, vital status, and more. The latest report suggests that the decline in the number of deaths from AIDS is levelling and that the proportion of cases attributable to heterosexual contact is on the rise. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:AIDS Info . From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000.
Food and Drug Administration: HIV and AIDS Activities.
University of California at San Francisco: HIV Insite.
The Body: AIDS Research Overview and Archive.
Health Central: Computer analysis dates virus in AIDS epidemic to 1930.
SPECIAL POPULATIONS
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: HIV is Still at Work [pdf]. The question of HIV and AIDS in the workplace remains a subject that many employers (and employees) may have difficulty dealing with. This site offers some valuable resources. One of the centerpieces of the site is the HIV/ AIDS Resource Guide, which contains fact sheets and other resources to help labor leaders conduct HIV/ AIDS prevention programs and raise general awareness about these conditions. The other sections of the site contain material for employers looking to develop an in-house awareness program, and material on legal issues in the workplace as they relate to HIV/ AIDS.From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Africa Action: Africa: HIV/AIDS and Failed Development. Contains an analysis of the two-way connection between HIV/AIDS and failed development. Argues that "understanding or designing prevention AIDS programs in light of the social and economic context in which individuals live" is critical to improving the success of African AIDS prevention programs and policies. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Department of Health and Human Services: A Guide to the Clinical Care of Women With HIV: 2001 [.pdf]. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
National Minority Aids Council.
National Native American AIDS Preventioin Center.
BBC News: Mbeki resolute on Aids stance. About the debate in South Africa on what to do about AIDS. It is centred on a report about Thabo Mbeki's State of the Union address in which he defended the policy of not funding access to anti-IIV drugs. Mbeki's stance is opposed by many of his compatriots (including Mandela).

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Malaria
World Health Organization: Malaria.  Fact sheets and links to other organizations.
Roll Back Malaria, A Global Parnership: Malaria. A portal, with basic information about the disease, treatment, health systems, and more.
Navy Environmental Health Center: Pocket Guide to Malaria Prevention and Control.

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Global Economics
GLOBALIZATION
The British Museum: The World of Money. Sections dealing with the history of money, the production of money, and money in a societal context. Each section offers an interactive section where visitors can click on different forms of money and explore the nuances behind their meaning, production, and uses. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002.http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
PBS and WGBH Educational Foundation: Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy. A three-part, six-hour documentary series and Web site providing a comprehensive history of the ideas, events, and values that have shaped the present global economy. Examines the history of the global economy and demonstrates how key economic theories have evolved in the context of historical events. Internet users will have the opportunity to watch streaming online videos of all three programs. Available in both high and low bandwidth versions, offering a time map, an interactive atlas of economic history that allows users to track changes in political boundaries and majorshifts in economic policies in more than thirty nations from 1910 to the present, and an online forum for users to discuss contemporary economic issues raised by the broadcast. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu.
Foreign Policy in Focus: Globalization in Focus. A critical look at the WTO as well as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Links to articles, event announcements, reports, and other resources. Be sure to scroll down the page to see all of the offerings. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
University of Washington, Harry Bridges Center for Labor Studies and the University Library: World Trade Organization History Project Focuses on the history-making protests of late 1999 in Seattle during the World Trade Organization Ministerial meetings. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
DEVELOPMENT
UN: Division for Sustainable Development [.pdf]. Documents, news, links, and information on upcoming agendas and regional consultations for Rio+10: The World Summit on Sustainable Development to be held in Johannesburg, South Africa in 2002. The site links to the upcoming conference's Website and also offers complete copies of the agreements reached at the 1992 summit plus other materials. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UN Development Program: 2002 United Nations Human Development Report [.pdf]. emphasizes the importance of politics to successful human development and urges the creation and maintenance of potent forms of democratic governance at all levels of society. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
UN: Johannesburg Summit 2002.
World Bank, IMF, UN: Millennium Development Goals. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Bank: Development Gateway. Designed as a portal for resources and tools on development issues. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Bank: World Development Report 2004 [pdf]. The main thesis of this document is that broad improvements in human welfare around the globe will not occur unless "poor people receive wider access to affordable, better quality services in health, education, water, sanitation, and electricity."
World Bank: World Development Report 2003 [.pdf] "Examines the relationship among competing policy objectives-reducing poverty, maintaining growth, improving social cohesion, and protecting the environment-over a 50-year horizon." There is a 30-page overview that provides a description of the basic themes contained within the full report. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
World Bank: World Development Report 2002: Building Institutions for Markets [.pdf]. Discusses the viable options available to developing nations attempting to open their markets to the world and thereby better the circumstances of their peoples. A primary focus of the report is on individual institutions and their positive potential in serving in a nationwide system of checks and balances, ones which can greatly extend the interests of the people. The report calls on those responsible for true nation building to look to the welfare of their own people, especially as they seek to move their nations into an increasingly voracious global market. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
World Bank: "Global Economic Prospects and the Developing Countries 2001" [.pdf, RealPlayer, QuickTime]. This year's report focuses on international trade and the policies needed to help these nations benefit from global integration. The news is good for many developing countries, whose economic growth is expected to register "5.3 percent this year, 5 percent next year, and ease to 4.8 percent by 2002." However, the world's poorest nations, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, have not kept pace. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Bank:  "Global Economic Prospects and the Developing Countries 2000." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000.
University of Toronto: G8 Information Centre [.pdf]. This web site is an exhaustive guide to the most recent proceedings at this year's G8 Conference, along with substantial documents from last year's G7 gathering. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003. http://scout.wisc.edu/.
Eco-Portal: The Environmental Sustainability Information Source. This Web site offers a convenient collection of environmentally-related resources. Features include an Internet search engine for locating information about environmental concerns, the latest environmental sustainability news headlines, and dozens of links to related organizations. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
World Health Organization, Commission on Macroeconomics and Health: Macroeconomics and Health: Investing in Health for Economic Development [.pdf] On the role of health in global economic development. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
European Environment Agency: EnviroWindows: Environmental Information for Businesses and Local Authorities. Facilitates consumer access to companies' information on products, best practices, use of natural resources, and corporate environmental performance. It helps local authorities to communicate with concerned citizens, professionals, policy makers and companies. EnviroWindows is based on two main services: Interest Groups and Portals. Both are web-based infrastructures designed to facilitate information sharing and cross-sector partnerships to support sustainable development - i.e., Environmental protection, Social progress, and Economic growth.
Tulane University, Payson Center for International Development and Technology Transfer: Development Links.
UNESCO: Management of Social Transformations Programme: Urban Issues: Urban Development and Governance. [.pdf] From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Energy: Smart Communities Network. A clearinghouse of information for areas interested in learning more about incorporating pinciples of sustainable development into their new (or existing) developments. Visitors can read about communities that have implemented sustainable development plans, locate technical and financial resources designed to assist communities with such plans, and access various codes and ordinances related to subsequent implementation of these development schemes. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2003.http://scout.wisc.edu/.
BBC: Disposable Planet [Real Player]. Site consists of an overview and six sections: Population, Food, Cities, Waste, Tourism, and Energy. The sections offer an in-depth look at each topic and include audio clips of related interviews and news stories. View the slide show to get a quick, visceral sense of human impact on the planet -- past, present, and future. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Digital Opportunity Initiative:Creating a Development Dynamic. While in theory the world wide web is open to all, the vast majority of the world's population remain cut off from its economic benefits. A report issued in July, 2001 by the UN Development Program and the consulting group Accenture, recommends that countries adopt policies that promote greater education, entrepreneurship and transparent government. The study includes many examples of effective technology uses in countries from Estonia to South Africa and Bolivia. World leaders are ready to adopt a nine-point action plan to narrow the gulf between the plugged-in and the shut-off. These goals are spelled out in a report by the Digital Opportunity Task Force (dot force), a group made up of G8 government and private industry representatives.
FOOD
UN: The State of Food and Agriculture 2000 Two main sections: (1) General world review of the state of agriculture. (2) Exploration in detail of lessons learned about world food and agriculture in the last 50 years. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Resources Institute and International Food Policy Research Institute:  Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems: Agroecosystems [.pdf] The first comprehensive audit of the world agriculture's ability to provide sufficient food, goods and services that are vital for sustaining human life." Warns that world food production is at risk from farming methods that have degraded soils, drained aquifers, polluted waters, and caused the loss of animal and plant species. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
International Fund for Agricultural Development: Rural Poverty Report 2001 - The Challenge of Ending Rural Poverty [.pdf]. Argues that to reduce poverty, international efforts must focus on "legally secure entitlements to assets (especially land and water); technology (above all for increasing the output and yield of food staples); access to markets; opportunities to participate in decentralized resource management; and access to microfinance." From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service: World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, 2002 [.pdf]. The most current USDA forecasts of US and world supply-use balances of major grains, soybeans, cotton, and US supply and use of sugar and livestock products. Reports are available as far back as 1995 and are accessible in Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) format. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Agriculture and Biotechnology Strategies (Canada) Inc.: AgBios. includes a significant amount of news and information on the subject of biotechnology. The Biotech Crop Database includes a large amount of information including the modification method, nutritional and toxicity information, impact on biodiversity, and genetic stability of all biotech crops approved for use in the US and Canada. An additional bibliographic database is useful for research on"environmental, livestock feed, and human food safety of genetically modified crop plants." From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
Agropolis Museum, France: Food and Agricultures of the World. These exhibitions focus on issues surrounding food acquisition throughout history and across cultures. The History of Food and Agriculture is an extensive online exhibit that visitors can navigate through, and explore in as much depth as they choose. The other two exhibits are more brief, offering comparison information on farming and food consumption practices among a select number of cultures. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
Rothamsted Research: Institute of Arable Crops Research. The institute has a commitment to "high quality scientific research relevant to plant-based agriculture with the objective of achieving improvements in rural and agricultural economies that are financially, environmentally and socially sustainable." From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
University of Wisconsin, Why Files: Harvest of Hunger. Text and photographs that relate the past, present, and possible future of plant breeding and genetic engineering. From The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
POVERTY
UN: The Third UN Conference on the Least Developed Countries, May 2001 [.pdf]. The full text of the declarations, programme of action, documents, and related publications. Also available: official statements, press releases, the conference program, and other information. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
UN: International Day for the Eradication of Poverty [.pdf] Reports, articles, and data relating to the First UN Decade for the Eradication of Poverty 1997-2006. Many documents are in .pdf format. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Bank: PovertyNet. Data on income poverty and social status broken down by country, region, and sometimes continent. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, CopyrightInternet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
World Bank: World Development Report 2000/2001: Attacking Poverty. From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.
United Kingdom: Eliminating World Poverty: Making Globalisation Work for the Poor. [.pdf].  This second White Paper from the United Kingdom government on international development discusses strategies for making the rapid development that has accompanied globalization benefit the world's poor more. The lengthy publication presents information and makes recommendations concerning third world governance and poverty, labour supply and skills development, private finance, trade, the global environment, effective development assistance, and the International System. From The Scout Report for Social Sciences & Humanities, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/.

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Camus
Camus Studies Association: General Information; Bibliography; Announcements and Activities.
A Page About Albert Camus. For further links, click on "Camus Pages."
Moonstruck Drama Bookstore: Biography.
Paul Willemberg's Page about Camus. To read "AIDS and the Moral Education of Social Workers: Some Reflections on Albert Camus' The Plague" by Joseph W. Lella, scroll down in the left hand frame to this title and click on it. Some of the links take you to articles written by students.

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